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<p>The purpose of this research is to examine the role of female leadership (FL) and female participation (FP) on business performance (BP). The study employs recent firm-level data from World Bank Enterprise Surveys, covering 9,024 Indian MSMEs. The study uses three indicators of female leadership and female participation (ownership, manager, and employees) and analyzes multiple performance indicators. The findings reveal a negative relationship between FL&amp;FP and BP. While sales and exports are negatively associated with female managers, no significant association of female-owned firms is observed; a weak association of female employees is observed. Hence, managers who are largely responsible for firms’ performance and growth are found to be adversely affected in case of female managers. Our analysis further shows that FL&amp;FP may face financial barriers to achieving better growth, as they are more likely to have restricted access to finance. The study contributes to the literature by providing recent post-pandemic evidence from India, focusing specifically on MSMEs, examining women’s roles across ownership, management, and workforce levels.</p>

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Examining the impact of female leadership on small and medium firm performance in post-pandemic India

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Snober Hassan,
  • S. Sivakumar

摘要

The purpose of this research is to examine the role of female leadership (FL) and female participation (FP) on business performance (BP). The study employs recent firm-level data from World Bank Enterprise Surveys, covering 9,024 Indian MSMEs. The study uses three indicators of female leadership and female participation (ownership, manager, and employees) and analyzes multiple performance indicators. The findings reveal a negative relationship between FL&FP and BP. While sales and exports are negatively associated with female managers, no significant association of female-owned firms is observed; a weak association of female employees is observed. Hence, managers who are largely responsible for firms’ performance and growth are found to be adversely affected in case of female managers. Our analysis further shows that FL&FP may face financial barriers to achieving better growth, as they are more likely to have restricted access to finance. The study contributes to the literature by providing recent post-pandemic evidence from India, focusing specifically on MSMEs, examining women’s roles across ownership, management, and workforce levels.