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<p>The <i>SQUAMOUS PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE</i> (<i>SPL</i>) gene family encodes plant-specific transcription factors that regulate diverse physiological processes, including growth, flowering, and stress responses. A total of 32 <i>PaSPL</i> genes were identified and characterized in the genome of <i>Platanus</i> × <i>acerifolia</i>, an ancient hexaploid species widely cultivated as a street tree. The <i>PaSPL</i> genes were classified into nine distinct groups based on their phylogenetic relationship. Gene structure examination revealed considerable variation in intron number and length among groups. <i>Cis</i>-regulatory element analysis indicated that the promoter regions of <i>PaSPLs</i> are enriched with light-responsive elements. Expression profiling across different tissues and developmental stages demonstrated that the <i>PaSPL</i> genes harboring a site targeted by <i>microRNA156</i> exhibited stage-specific expression patterns, while those in the Groups II, III, V, and IX displayed tissue-specific expression. Notably, several <i>PaSPL</i> genes exhibited dynamic expression during floral transition, implicating their role in flowering regulation. Among them, <i>PaSPL8a</i>, a Group III member, was differentially expressed in flowerless germplasm resources. Functional characterization demonstrated that <i>PaSPL8a</i> overexpression in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> accelerated flowering and upregulated key flowering regulators. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the function of <i>PaSPLs</i> in <i>P.</i> × <i>acerifolia</i> and establish PaSPL8a as a positive regulator of flowering.</p>

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Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月20日

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  • Xiyan Chen,
  • Gehui Shi,
  • Xu Yan,
  • Jinghong Wu,
  • Ting Peng,
  • Manzhu Bao,
  • Jiaqi Zhang

摘要

The SQUAMOUS PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene family encodes plant-specific transcription factors that regulate diverse physiological processes, including growth, flowering, and stress responses. A total of 32 PaSPL genes were identified and characterized in the genome of Platanus × acerifolia, an ancient hexaploid species widely cultivated as a street tree. The PaSPL genes were classified into nine distinct groups based on their phylogenetic relationship. Gene structure examination revealed considerable variation in intron number and length among groups. Cis-regulatory element analysis indicated that the promoter regions of PaSPLs are enriched with light-responsive elements. Expression profiling across different tissues and developmental stages demonstrated that the PaSPL genes harboring a site targeted by microRNA156 exhibited stage-specific expression patterns, while those in the Groups II, III, V, and IX displayed tissue-specific expression. Notably, several PaSPL genes exhibited dynamic expression during floral transition, implicating their role in flowering regulation. Among them, PaSPL8a, a Group III member, was differentially expressed in flowerless germplasm resources. Functional characterization demonstrated that PaSPL8a overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana accelerated flowering and upregulated key flowering regulators. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the function of PaSPLs in P. × acerifolia and establish PaSPL8a as a positive regulator of flowering.