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<p>Okra is an important vegetable crop in sub-Saharan Africa; however, its genetic improvement has been limited by inadequate knowledge of the extent and structure of genetic diversity within available germplasm collections. This study assessed phenotypic and molecular variation among 81 okra accessions sourced from Ghana, Nigeria, Uganda, Senegal, and the World Vegetable Center using 16 quantitative traits, 10 qualitative traits, and 19,951 high-quality DArTseq SNP markers. Significant phenotypic variation (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) was detected for all measured traits except leaf area. High broad-sense heritability (&gt; 0.60) coupled with high genetic advance (&gt; 20%) for plant height, individual fruit weight, stem girth, number of ridges per fruit, and hundred-seed weight suggests that these traits are predominantly controlled by additive gene effects and are therefore amenable to selection. Fruit yield was strongly influenced by number of fruits per plant and individual fruit weight, as shown by correlation and path coefficient analyses. The Shannon–Weaver diversity index revealed limited variation for stem colour (0.36) whereas most qualitative traits exhibited high diversity values (&gt; 0.80). Principal component and biplot analyses showed that quantitative traits effectively discriminated among accessions. Molecular characterization revealed moderate genetic diversity, with mean gene diversity and polymorphic information content values of 0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Both phenotypic and molecular analyses consistently classified the accessions into four major clusters, indicating broad concordance between morphological and genomic datasets. The integration of phenotypic and molecular data enabled the identification of genetically divergent and agronomically superior accessions with strong potential as parental lines in breeding programs. Collectively, these findings provide a useful foundation for germplasm utilization, parental selection, and the development of improved okra varieties with enhanced yield performance and market-preferred attributes.</p>

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Genetic variability and relationships among okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] accessions based on phenotypic traits and DArTseq SNP markers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Jacinta Adoma Opoku,
  • Agyemang Danquah,
  • Charles Nelimor,
  • Kwabena Asare Bediako,
  • Enoch Wembabazi,
  • Bernard Tongoona Pangirayi,
  • Hans Adu-Dapaah,
  • Eric Yirenkyi Danquah

摘要

Okra is an important vegetable crop in sub-Saharan Africa; however, its genetic improvement has been limited by inadequate knowledge of the extent and structure of genetic diversity within available germplasm collections. This study assessed phenotypic and molecular variation among 81 okra accessions sourced from Ghana, Nigeria, Uganda, Senegal, and the World Vegetable Center using 16 quantitative traits, 10 qualitative traits, and 19,951 high-quality DArTseq SNP markers. Significant phenotypic variation (P < 0.01) was detected for all measured traits except leaf area. High broad-sense heritability (> 0.60) coupled with high genetic advance (> 20%) for plant height, individual fruit weight, stem girth, number of ridges per fruit, and hundred-seed weight suggests that these traits are predominantly controlled by additive gene effects and are therefore amenable to selection. Fruit yield was strongly influenced by number of fruits per plant and individual fruit weight, as shown by correlation and path coefficient analyses. The Shannon–Weaver diversity index revealed limited variation for stem colour (0.36) whereas most qualitative traits exhibited high diversity values (> 0.80). Principal component and biplot analyses showed that quantitative traits effectively discriminated among accessions. Molecular characterization revealed moderate genetic diversity, with mean gene diversity and polymorphic information content values of 0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Both phenotypic and molecular analyses consistently classified the accessions into four major clusters, indicating broad concordance between morphological and genomic datasets. The integration of phenotypic and molecular data enabled the identification of genetically divergent and agronomically superior accessions with strong potential as parental lines in breeding programs. Collectively, these findings provide a useful foundation for germplasm utilization, parental selection, and the development of improved okra varieties with enhanced yield performance and market-preferred attributes.