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<p>Rice cultivation is a significant source of methane emissions in the agriculture sector in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In Africa, rice is grown in flooded conditions, which promote the release of methane by methanogens that use organic exudates from the roots. The rapid population increase raises food demand, particularly for rice, forcing African nations to increase rice farming to meet demand and reduce rice imports. Rapid expansion of rice production has become a significant contributor to atmospheric methane emissions, responsible for about 7% of the global increase in methane. Field measurements reveal that seasonal emissions range from approximately 20 to more than 300&#xa0;kg CH₄ ha⁻¹, influenced by irrigation strategies, organic matter inputs, and cultivar characteristics. Practices like alternate wetting and drying, midseason drainage, and the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) have been proven to reduce methane emissions by 30–70%. While some information exists on the relationship between agronomic practice and methane emission in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited evidence on breeding or screening rice cultivars for traits that lower methane emissions. This review explores the phenotypic characteristics of rice plants that are related to methane emissions, highlighting the importance of breeding and screening existing rice cultivars to develop varieties with lower methane emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa.</p>

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Mitigating methane emissions in rice (Oryza sativa) farming systems: a breeding and management roadmap for low-emission genotypes in Sub-Saharan Africa

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Liberatus Dominick Lyimo

摘要

Rice cultivation is a significant source of methane emissions in the agriculture sector in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In Africa, rice is grown in flooded conditions, which promote the release of methane by methanogens that use organic exudates from the roots. The rapid population increase raises food demand, particularly for rice, forcing African nations to increase rice farming to meet demand and reduce rice imports. Rapid expansion of rice production has become a significant contributor to atmospheric methane emissions, responsible for about 7% of the global increase in methane. Field measurements reveal that seasonal emissions range from approximately 20 to more than 300 kg CH₄ ha⁻¹, influenced by irrigation strategies, organic matter inputs, and cultivar characteristics. Practices like alternate wetting and drying, midseason drainage, and the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) have been proven to reduce methane emissions by 30–70%. While some information exists on the relationship between agronomic practice and methane emission in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited evidence on breeding or screening rice cultivars for traits that lower methane emissions. This review explores the phenotypic characteristics of rice plants that are related to methane emissions, highlighting the importance of breeding and screening existing rice cultivars to develop varieties with lower methane emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa.