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<p>Growing wheat and triticale can optimize soil use during the winter cultivation in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. The use of winter crops combined with irrigation rates allows for better soil cover and a reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (FCO<sub>2</sub>) into the atmosphere. Thus, our hypothesis is that it will be possible to increase agricultural production by applying different irrigation rates and simultaneously reduce soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (FCO<sub>2</sub>). The objectives of this study, under different irrigation rates, were: (i) to monitor soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in different wheat and triticale genotypes; (ii) to investigate the relationship between grain yield and soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in the evaluated genotypes. A field experiment was carried out during the winter cultivation of 2023 in a randomized block design with subdivided plots, where treatments were installed with three irrigation rates (plots): 30, 60 and 90% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Each irrigation plot was divided into nine sub-plots by the cultivars tested (BRS Atobá, BRS Coleiro, BRS Gralha Azul, BRS Jacana, BRS Sabia, IPR Aimoré, IPR Caiapó, IPR Catuara and IPR Potyporã). In situ assessment of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (FCO<sub>2</sub>) was carried out using a portable EGM-5 system, model AGA560 (PP-Systems, Amesbury, USA<sup>®</sup>). Grain yield was obtained by collecting and threshing the central rows of each plot. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were grouped using Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. A principal component analysis was carried out to verify the interrelationship between the variables studied, and a scatterplot containing the Pearson correlation between the variables was generated. The findings obtained show that FCO<sub>2</sub> is influenced by the wheat and triticale cultivar, development stage of the crop, and the irrigation rate used. Yield of wheat and triticale cultivars is related to the irrigation rate, where cultivars 3 and 9 show better tolerance to water deficit, allowing for lower irrigation rates and minimizing the CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (FCO<sub>2</sub>). Irrigation rate at 30% of ETC provides lower CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (FCO<sub>2</sub>) into the atmosphere, around 30% less than the use of 90% of the ETC.</p>

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Less water and less carbon emission: irrigation strategies reduce soil CO2 emissions in wheat and triticale cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Ricardo Gava,
  • Mayara Fávero Cotrim,
  • Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro,
  • Dthenifer Cordeiro Santana,
  • Rafael Felippe Ratke,
  • Izabela Cristina de Oliveira,
  • Rita de Cássia Félix Alvarez,
  • Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior,
  • Paulo Eduardo Teodoro

摘要

Growing wheat and triticale can optimize soil use during the winter cultivation in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. The use of winter crops combined with irrigation rates allows for better soil cover and a reduction in CO2 efflux (FCO2) into the atmosphere. Thus, our hypothesis is that it will be possible to increase agricultural production by applying different irrigation rates and simultaneously reduce soil CO2 efflux (FCO2). The objectives of this study, under different irrigation rates, were: (i) to monitor soil CO2 efflux in different wheat and triticale genotypes; (ii) to investigate the relationship between grain yield and soil CO2 efflux in the evaluated genotypes. A field experiment was carried out during the winter cultivation of 2023 in a randomized block design with subdivided plots, where treatments were installed with three irrigation rates (plots): 30, 60 and 90% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Each irrigation plot was divided into nine sub-plots by the cultivars tested (BRS Atobá, BRS Coleiro, BRS Gralha Azul, BRS Jacana, BRS Sabia, IPR Aimoré, IPR Caiapó, IPR Catuara and IPR Potyporã). In situ assessment of soil CO2 efflux (FCO2) was carried out using a portable EGM-5 system, model AGA560 (PP-Systems, Amesbury, USA®). Grain yield was obtained by collecting and threshing the central rows of each plot. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were grouped using Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. A principal component analysis was carried out to verify the interrelationship between the variables studied, and a scatterplot containing the Pearson correlation between the variables was generated. The findings obtained show that FCO2 is influenced by the wheat and triticale cultivar, development stage of the crop, and the irrigation rate used. Yield of wheat and triticale cultivars is related to the irrigation rate, where cultivars 3 and 9 show better tolerance to water deficit, allowing for lower irrigation rates and minimizing the CO2 efflux (FCO2). Irrigation rate at 30% of ETC provides lower CO2 efflux (FCO2) into the atmosphere, around 30% less than the use of 90% of the ETC.