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<p>Despite Tanzania’s strong potential for apiculture, smallholder beekeepers continue to experience low productivity and limited profitability due to the dominance of traditional log hives, which are less efficient and harder to manage. While improved hive technologies such as Top-Bar Hives (TBHs) offer higher honey yields and better pest control, there is limited empirical evidence comparing their economic efficiency to traditional hives in Tanzania. This study aimed to assess and compare the productivity and profitability of traditional versus improved beehive models. Conducted in the Singida Region, a key hub for beekeeping activities, the research employed a quantitative design using stratified sampling, with data collected through structured questionnaires from 81 beekeepers (59 improved hiver users and 22 traditional hiver users). Descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U test, and gross margin analysis were used to analyze productivity, income, costs, and profitability. The results revealed that TBHs had significantly higher colonization rates (mean 84.7%) and annual yields (mean 22.2&#xa0;kg) than traditional log hives (mean 65.43% and 7.98&#xa0;kg, respectively). Improved hives also generated higher gross earnings and net operating profit, with a markedly superior profitability index. Although improved hives involved higher initial costs, they proved more economically efficient within the period of analysis. The study contributes novel, location-specific data on hive model performance, offering policymakers and development actors empirical justification for scaling improved hive technologies. It underscores the need for strategic interventions in access to technology, training, and market development to unlock the full potential of beekeeping in rural Tanzania.</p>

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Profitability dynamics of improved and traditional beehive models in Tanzania

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • William George

摘要

Despite Tanzania’s strong potential for apiculture, smallholder beekeepers continue to experience low productivity and limited profitability due to the dominance of traditional log hives, which are less efficient and harder to manage. While improved hive technologies such as Top-Bar Hives (TBHs) offer higher honey yields and better pest control, there is limited empirical evidence comparing their economic efficiency to traditional hives in Tanzania. This study aimed to assess and compare the productivity and profitability of traditional versus improved beehive models. Conducted in the Singida Region, a key hub for beekeeping activities, the research employed a quantitative design using stratified sampling, with data collected through structured questionnaires from 81 beekeepers (59 improved hiver users and 22 traditional hiver users). Descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U test, and gross margin analysis were used to analyze productivity, income, costs, and profitability. The results revealed that TBHs had significantly higher colonization rates (mean 84.7%) and annual yields (mean 22.2 kg) than traditional log hives (mean 65.43% and 7.98 kg, respectively). Improved hives also generated higher gross earnings and net operating profit, with a markedly superior profitability index. Although improved hives involved higher initial costs, they proved more economically efficient within the period of analysis. The study contributes novel, location-specific data on hive model performance, offering policymakers and development actors empirical justification for scaling improved hive technologies. It underscores the need for strategic interventions in access to technology, training, and market development to unlock the full potential of beekeeping in rural Tanzania.