<p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) deliver prominent anti-tumor efficacy across multiple malignancies, yet ICI-associated myocarditis represents a life-threatening adverse event requiring standardized management. Updated from the 2022 version, these recommendations integrate up-to-date domestic and international real-world data and emerging evidence concerning bispecific antibody-related cardiac injury, thymic imaging grading, artificial intelligence-assisted early screening, and optimized second-line immunosuppressive regimens. These recommendations provide standardized practical guidance for prevention, early recognition and individualized intervention to improve patient outcomes.</p>

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Clinical diagnosis and treatment recommendations for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (2026 edition)

  • Wang Yan,
  • Cai Qingqing,
  • Liu Yuan,
  • Chen Jiahui,
  • Lu Hao,
  • Lin Jinyi,
  • Wang Zhiming,
  • Wang Yinman,
  • Yao Zhifeng,
  • Zhang Shilong,
  • Ma Lingying,
  • Zhao Ji,
  • Chang Shufu,
  • Zhang Chi,
  • Liu Rongle,
  • Zhao Xin,
  • Wang Cong,
  • Qian Xianling,
  • Li Zheng,
  • Li Jing,
  • Wang Ya’nan,
  • Sun Haitao,
  • Shen Yihui,
  • Xu Yuchen,
  • Xu Ran,
  • Zhang Jian,
  • Wang Xuejun,
  • Pan Jian’an,
  • Zhang Hui,
  • Chen Huiyong,
  • Cheng Leilei,
  • Ge Junbo

摘要

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) deliver prominent anti-tumor efficacy across multiple malignancies, yet ICI-associated myocarditis represents a life-threatening adverse event requiring standardized management. Updated from the 2022 version, these recommendations integrate up-to-date domestic and international real-world data and emerging evidence concerning bispecific antibody-related cardiac injury, thymic imaging grading, artificial intelligence-assisted early screening, and optimized second-line immunosuppressive regimens. These recommendations provide standardized practical guidance for prevention, early recognition and individualized intervention to improve patient outcomes.