Background <p>Over the years, various care models have been established in outpatient palliative care (PC) for patients with oncological diseases. An important concern of outpatient PC is the reduction prescription rates of potentially inappropriate medication. The question arises as to how this is successfully implemented in the various forms of outpatient PC.</p> Methods <p>In this retrospective cohort study, routine data from 158,035 patients with statutory health insurance who died of oncological disease between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed. For these patients, the prescription of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), vitamins and minerals, statins, aspirin, as well as osteoporosis medications, was determined according to ATC codes. We examined the relationship between such prescriptions and the form of outpatient PC using logistic regression analysis. Three groups were distinguished: deceased without outpatient PC, those with general outpatient PC or specially qualified and coordinated PC, and those with specialized outpatient PC (SOPC).</p> Results <p>More than a&#xa0;quarter of the patients in PC had had a&#xa0;prescription for PPIs in the last month of life, with a&#xa0;maximum of 29.4% in SOPC versus only 23.1% of those without PC. Vitamins and minerals were prescribed in less than 10% of cases of patients with health insurance. Only a&#xa0;few patients (&lt; 6% across all forms of PC) had had at least one prescription for statins, aspirin, or osteoporosis medication in the last month of life. Lower prescription rates were shown in patients receiving outpatient PC, particularly in patients in SOPC.</p> Discussion <p>This study provides the first comprehensive insights into medication prescription practices in outpatient PC. The lower prescription rates for statins, aspirin, and osteoporosis medications in SOPC may indicate better implementation of deprescribing practices in specialized care, whereas there remains unaddressed deprescribing potential in PPIs.</p>