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<p>This study investigates the effect of welding input parameters on the tensile strength, bending strength, and hardness properties of welded joints using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The experimental work was conducted on 3&#xa0;mm AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) specimens in a butt joint configuration using ER308L filler metal. Tensile strength, bending strength, and hardness properties were determined using the tensile tester and Rockwell hardness testers. The maximum tensile strength achieved was 879&#xa0;MPa, representing a 20% improvement over the base material. The optimal parameter combination for tensile strength was identified as a welding current (WC) of 130&#xa0;A, gas flow rate (GFR) of 12&#xa0;L/min, and electrode diameter (ED) of 1.6&#xa0;mm. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that electrode diameter and welding current were the most significant factors affecting the tensile strength of specimens. The highest bending strength is 129.2&#xa0;MPa, and the hardness value is 100.1HV. Furthermore, the hardness value shows an 8.8% increase compared to the base metal. The ANOVA results confirmed that GFR and WC significantly influenced both bending strength and hardness property. The Metallography examination with the SEM showed the presence of delta ferrite, austenite phases, and dendrite structures in the weld zone.</p>

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Investigate the effects of gas tungsten arc welding process parameters on the mechanical performance of stainless-steel butt joints

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Hailemariam Nigus,
  • Getahun Aklilu,
  • Glen Bright

摘要

This study investigates the effect of welding input parameters on the tensile strength, bending strength, and hardness properties of welded joints using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The experimental work was conducted on 3 mm AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) specimens in a butt joint configuration using ER308L filler metal. Tensile strength, bending strength, and hardness properties were determined using the tensile tester and Rockwell hardness testers. The maximum tensile strength achieved was 879 MPa, representing a 20% improvement over the base material. The optimal parameter combination for tensile strength was identified as a welding current (WC) of 130 A, gas flow rate (GFR) of 12 L/min, and electrode diameter (ED) of 1.6 mm. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that electrode diameter and welding current were the most significant factors affecting the tensile strength of specimens. The highest bending strength is 129.2 MPa, and the hardness value is 100.1HV. Furthermore, the hardness value shows an 8.8% increase compared to the base metal. The ANOVA results confirmed that GFR and WC significantly influenced both bending strength and hardness property. The Metallography examination with the SEM showed the presence of delta ferrite, austenite phases, and dendrite structures in the weld zone.