<p>The ever-increasing global energy demand can be partially met by briquettes made from a blend of rice husks and pine sawdust. However, their char yield and energy productivity are affected by the non-combustible materials, including ash. A study was conducted to compare the effects of sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acid treatments on the char yield and energy productivity of briquettes made from 10 wt% rice husks and 90 wt% pine sawdust. This was investigated by treating a blend with each of these acids (sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acid) at varying concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) for one hour at ambient temperature, and making briquettes out of the treated blends and analyzing the char yield and energy productivity. The char yield and energy productivity were determined using a water-boiling test method, implemented with the MusaPlotter real-time data acquisition software. The results revealed that char yield increased up to 26.52 ± 0.19% for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, 18.16 ± 0.16% for HNO<sub>3</sub>, and 17.99 ± 0.12% for HCl-treated briquettes, compared with 7.57 ± 0.38% for the untreated. The char energy productivity increased up to 47.28 ± 0.33% for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, 31.86 ± 0.28% for HNO<sub>3</sub>, and 30.01 ± 1.12% for HCl-treated briquettes, compared with 13.90 ± 0.69% for the untreated. H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> was the most effective, followed by HCl, while HNO<sub>3</sub> was the least effective in improving char yield, according to a statistical comparison. Further, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> was the most effective, followed by HNO<sub>3</sub>, while HCl was the least effective in improving energy productivity. These results demonstrate that biomass treatment under mild sulphuric acid conditions significantly improves both char quality and energy performance, underscoring its potential as an effective strategy to optimize biomass-to-energy conversion and thereby address the challenge of access to clean energy technologies.</p>

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Comparative analysis of acid treatments on char production and energy productivity of rice husk and pine sawdust briquettes

  • Ronald Walozi,
  • George Samuel Onep,
  • Yinka Sofihullahi Sanusi,
  • Omer Eisa Babiker,
  • Milon Selvam Dennison,
  • Alphonse Candia,
  • Samuel Okurut,
  • Benard Wamubirigwe

摘要

The ever-increasing global energy demand can be partially met by briquettes made from a blend of rice husks and pine sawdust. However, their char yield and energy productivity are affected by the non-combustible materials, including ash. A study was conducted to compare the effects of sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acid treatments on the char yield and energy productivity of briquettes made from 10 wt% rice husks and 90 wt% pine sawdust. This was investigated by treating a blend with each of these acids (sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acid) at varying concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) for one hour at ambient temperature, and making briquettes out of the treated blends and analyzing the char yield and energy productivity. The char yield and energy productivity were determined using a water-boiling test method, implemented with the MusaPlotter real-time data acquisition software. The results revealed that char yield increased up to 26.52 ± 0.19% for H2SO4, 18.16 ± 0.16% for HNO3, and 17.99 ± 0.12% for HCl-treated briquettes, compared with 7.57 ± 0.38% for the untreated. The char energy productivity increased up to 47.28 ± 0.33% for H2SO4, 31.86 ± 0.28% for HNO3, and 30.01 ± 1.12% for HCl-treated briquettes, compared with 13.90 ± 0.69% for the untreated. H2SO4 was the most effective, followed by HCl, while HNO3 was the least effective in improving char yield, according to a statistical comparison. Further, H2SO4 was the most effective, followed by HNO3, while HCl was the least effective in improving energy productivity. These results demonstrate that biomass treatment under mild sulphuric acid conditions significantly improves both char quality and energy performance, underscoring its potential as an effective strategy to optimize biomass-to-energy conversion and thereby address the challenge of access to clean energy technologies.