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<p>We undertook a double bottom-line analysis of the economic and social value of Uganda’s national digital ID (NID) system. A nationally representative survey was conducted among 2,892 adults. Costs and benefits data were also collected from relevant government agencies, with which a cost-benefit analysis of the government’s investment in the NID was conducted. 58.5% of participants were females while two-thirds were from rural areas. The mean age was 38.2&#xa0;years. Although 94.1% of participants sought to register for NIDs, only 78.9% had one at the time of the survey. Registration for the National IDs was generally accessible with most participants (1,717/2,892 or 71.4%) doing so at their nearest administrative unit. 93% of participants were within five kilometres and 58% within a kilometre of a registration centre. 84% did not incur any expenses in acquiring the NID. The mean unofficial fees among people who paid them were US$ 4.2 (median = US$ 1.4; range US$ 0.06–27.8). The benefit-cost ratio of government’s investment in the NID was 1.35. There were clear socioeconomic benefits to individual NID holders including financial inclusion, civil identification, accessing government programs, and facilitating business or civil transactions. However, the lowest quintile of the population felt the least benefit from having an NID. The economic benefits of the NID exceeded the government’s investment, even from the few government programs that used the NID as an accountability tool. For developing countries to attain full economic value from Digital Identification, governments should scale the use of NIDs in public accountability systems.</p>

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Understanding the Benefits, Costs, and Challenges of the National Identification System in Uganda

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月22日

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  • Roy William Mayega,
  • Dorothy Okello,
  • Christine Muhumuza,
  • Nathan Tumuhamye,
  • Julius Ssentongo,
  • Allen Kabagenyi Mulerwa,
  • Brandon Kwesiga,
  • Agnes Nyabigambo,
  • Anthony Ssebagereka,
  • William Bazeyo

摘要

We undertook a double bottom-line analysis of the economic and social value of Uganda’s national digital ID (NID) system. A nationally representative survey was conducted among 2,892 adults. Costs and benefits data were also collected from relevant government agencies, with which a cost-benefit analysis of the government’s investment in the NID was conducted. 58.5% of participants were females while two-thirds were from rural areas. The mean age was 38.2 years. Although 94.1% of participants sought to register for NIDs, only 78.9% had one at the time of the survey. Registration for the National IDs was generally accessible with most participants (1,717/2,892 or 71.4%) doing so at their nearest administrative unit. 93% of participants were within five kilometres and 58% within a kilometre of a registration centre. 84% did not incur any expenses in acquiring the NID. The mean unofficial fees among people who paid them were US$ 4.2 (median = US$ 1.4; range US$ 0.06–27.8). The benefit-cost ratio of government’s investment in the NID was 1.35. There were clear socioeconomic benefits to individual NID holders including financial inclusion, civil identification, accessing government programs, and facilitating business or civil transactions. However, the lowest quintile of the population felt the least benefit from having an NID. The economic benefits of the NID exceeded the government’s investment, even from the few government programs that used the NID as an accountability tool. For developing countries to attain full economic value from Digital Identification, governments should scale the use of NIDs in public accountability systems.