<p>In this paper, the integrable n-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with mixed signs of focusing- and defocusing-type nonlinearity coefficients are gauge equivalent to the equation of Schrödinger flow from <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to the pseudo-Kähler manifold <Equation ID="Equa"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_Equa.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="213" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U(n,\delta )/U(1)\times U(\delta _1,\ldots ,\delta _n),\)</EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="201" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\delta _j\in \{-1,1\},j=1,2,\ldots ,n\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="196" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\delta :=\#\{\delta _1=1,\ldots ,\delta _n=1\}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes that the number of ones contained in <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="116" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\delta _j\,(j=1,\ldots ,n)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="94" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U(\delta _1,\ldots ,\delta _n)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-invariant almost Hermitian structures. This gives a geometric interpretation of the mixed n-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations via Schrödinger flow on the pseudo-Kähler manifold <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="208" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U(n,\delta )/U(1)\times U(\delta _1,\ldots ,\delta _n)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Finally, we obtain explicit soliton solutions of the 1-dimensional Schrödinger flow on the pseudo-Kähler manifold <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44198_2025_336_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="167" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U(2,1)/U(1)\times U(1,1).\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation></p>

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The Mixed n-Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations and Related Schrödinger Flow

  • Shiping Zhong,
  • Luxin Xu,
  • Zehui Zhao

摘要

In this paper, the integrable n-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with mixed signs of focusing- and defocusing-type nonlinearity coefficients are gauge equivalent to the equation of Schrödinger flow from \({\mathbb {R}}\) to the pseudo-Kähler manifold \(U(n,\delta )/U(1)\times U(\delta _1,\ldots ,\delta _n),\) where \(\delta _j\in \{-1,1\},j=1,2,\ldots ,n\) , \(\delta :=\#\{\delta _1=1,\ldots ,\delta _n=1\}\) denotes that the number of ones contained in \(\delta _j\,(j=1,\ldots ,n)\) and \(U(\delta _1,\ldots ,\delta _n)\) -invariant almost Hermitian structures. This gives a geometric interpretation of the mixed n-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations via Schrödinger flow on the pseudo-Kähler manifold \(U(n,\delta )/U(1)\times U(\delta _1,\ldots ,\delta _n)\) . Finally, we obtain explicit soliton solutions of the 1-dimensional Schrödinger flow on the pseudo-Kähler manifold \(U(2,1)/U(1)\times U(1,1).\)