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<p>Healthcare needs a major shift to more measurable and affordable solutions. The answer to these challenges is to focus on restructuring the healthcare system to prevent illness, not illness, and on disease prevention and early detection. The Internet of Things (IoT) communicates with mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) in a smart environment, making it more attractive and cost-effective for consumers. Recently, MANET-IoT systems have been used in many areas of live applications. In addition, most routing protocols are for MANET, but they are not compatible with MANET-IoT. However, one of the key apparatuses of the MANET-IoT system is the loss of records due to unreliable routing. In this article, we suggest an optimal cluster founded data loss aware routing protocol, MANET-IoT, for healthcare monitoring systems (OCDL-HM). First, we introduce efficient cluster formation using the butterfly-induced sunflower optimization (BSFO) algorithm, which enhances the energy efficiency of routing. Then, the cluster head (CH) of every cluster is computed through a cuckoo search based deep probability neural network (CS-DPNN) with different design metrics. The CH node is acting as an intermediate node between cluster members and the next neighbouring CH node. After that, the next neighbouring CH node is selected by a hybrid recurrent dynamic neural network (RDNN), which provides data lossless routing between nodes. Finally, the simulation results of proposed and existing routing protocols analyzed with different simulation scenarios in terms of energy consumption, packet loss ratio, network lifetime, number of active nodes, packet delivery ratio, throughput, and latency.</p>

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Development of an IoT-based MANET for Healthcare Monitoring System Using Data Loss Aware Routing Protocol

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • K. Balasubramanian,
  • S. Senthilkumar,
  • N. Kopperundevi,
  • S. Sivakumar

摘要

Healthcare needs a major shift to more measurable and affordable solutions. The answer to these challenges is to focus on restructuring the healthcare system to prevent illness, not illness, and on disease prevention and early detection. The Internet of Things (IoT) communicates with mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) in a smart environment, making it more attractive and cost-effective for consumers. Recently, MANET-IoT systems have been used in many areas of live applications. In addition, most routing protocols are for MANET, but they are not compatible with MANET-IoT. However, one of the key apparatuses of the MANET-IoT system is the loss of records due to unreliable routing. In this article, we suggest an optimal cluster founded data loss aware routing protocol, MANET-IoT, for healthcare monitoring systems (OCDL-HM). First, we introduce efficient cluster formation using the butterfly-induced sunflower optimization (BSFO) algorithm, which enhances the energy efficiency of routing. Then, the cluster head (CH) of every cluster is computed through a cuckoo search based deep probability neural network (CS-DPNN) with different design metrics. The CH node is acting as an intermediate node between cluster members and the next neighbouring CH node. After that, the next neighbouring CH node is selected by a hybrid recurrent dynamic neural network (RDNN), which provides data lossless routing between nodes. Finally, the simulation results of proposed and existing routing protocols analyzed with different simulation scenarios in terms of energy consumption, packet loss ratio, network lifetime, number of active nodes, packet delivery ratio, throughput, and latency.