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<p>Athlete burnout has traditionally been examined as a phenomenon mainly associated with high-performance sport; however, growing evidence suggests that it may also affect amateur athletes. This study aimed to analyze burnout in high-performance and amateur athletes, integrating gender differences and a person-centered approach through cluster analysis. A cross-sectional design was applied to 511 athletes (38.0% high-performance and 62.0% amateur) using the Revised Athlete Burnout Inventory (IBD-R). Descriptive and inferential analyses examined differences by competitive level and gender, while hierarchical and k-means cluster analyses identified burnout profiles. Results showed similar levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization across competitive levels, with specific differences in reduced personal accomplishment. Four burnout profiles were identified: Healthy, Reduced Accomplishment, Emotional Exhaustion, and Depersonalization-dominant burnout, differentially distributed by gender and competitive level. These findings indicate that burnout is a transversal phenomenon in sport and highlight the value of person-centered approaches for prevention and intervention across competitive contexts.</p>

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The many faces of athlete burnout in elite and amateur sport identified through cluster analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Verónica Tutte- Vallarino,
  • Estefanía Malán- Ernst,
  • Regina Brandão,
  • Cristina Reche-García,
  • Francisco Ortín,
  • Mario Reyes-Bossio,
  • Virginia Chiminelli-Tomás,
  • David Peris-Delcampo,
  • Alejandro García-Mas

摘要

Athlete burnout has traditionally been examined as a phenomenon mainly associated with high-performance sport; however, growing evidence suggests that it may also affect amateur athletes. This study aimed to analyze burnout in high-performance and amateur athletes, integrating gender differences and a person-centered approach through cluster analysis. A cross-sectional design was applied to 511 athletes (38.0% high-performance and 62.0% amateur) using the Revised Athlete Burnout Inventory (IBD-R). Descriptive and inferential analyses examined differences by competitive level and gender, while hierarchical and k-means cluster analyses identified burnout profiles. Results showed similar levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization across competitive levels, with specific differences in reduced personal accomplishment. Four burnout profiles were identified: Healthy, Reduced Accomplishment, Emotional Exhaustion, and Depersonalization-dominant burnout, differentially distributed by gender and competitive level. These findings indicate that burnout is a transversal phenomenon in sport and highlight the value of person-centered approaches for prevention and intervention across competitive contexts.