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<p><i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> commonly called as clove is an aromatic tree, bearing eugenol-rich essential oil mainly from flower buds that is responsible for numerous biological properties. In this study, clove bud essential oil (CBEO) was extracted from clove buds using hydro-distillation and the chemical composition was analyzed using GC-MS. Along with compositional analysis, CBEO was also studied for its potential using in vitro biological assays for antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-tyrosinase, anti-inflammatory, and cholinesterase inhibition properties. The extracted aromatic CBEO was pale yellow in colour with yield of 0.80% (v/w). The GC-MS analysis revealed eugenol (46.76%) as the major component along with eugenol acetate (26.68%), and caryophyllene (21.84%). The eugenol-rich clove was also assessed for its anti-oxidant (DPPH: IC<sub>50</sub>= 12.30 µL/mL; ABTS: IC<sub>50</sub>= 5.00 µL/mL), anti-diabetic (IC<sub>50</sub>= 4.99 µL/mL), and anti-tyrosinase (IC<sub>50</sub>= 5.52 µL/mL) properties. Based on the biological activities (anti-inflammatory and cholinesterase inhibition property), eugenol concentration is found to be a significant marker compound for the quality assessment of CBEO. The results concluded from this study will lay emphasis for utilization of eugenol rich CBEO in food and pharmaceutical industries.</p>

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Integrative chemical and in-vitro biological assays of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry bud essential oil

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Sita Devi Sarma,
  • Sujata Bhattacharyya,
  • Twahira Begum,
  • Mohan Lal,
  • Mansour Ghorbanpour

摘要

Syzygium aromaticum commonly called as clove is an aromatic tree, bearing eugenol-rich essential oil mainly from flower buds that is responsible for numerous biological properties. In this study, clove bud essential oil (CBEO) was extracted from clove buds using hydro-distillation and the chemical composition was analyzed using GC-MS. Along with compositional analysis, CBEO was also studied for its potential using in vitro biological assays for antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-tyrosinase, anti-inflammatory, and cholinesterase inhibition properties. The extracted aromatic CBEO was pale yellow in colour with yield of 0.80% (v/w). The GC-MS analysis revealed eugenol (46.76%) as the major component along with eugenol acetate (26.68%), and caryophyllene (21.84%). The eugenol-rich clove was also assessed for its anti-oxidant (DPPH: IC50= 12.30 µL/mL; ABTS: IC50= 5.00 µL/mL), anti-diabetic (IC50= 4.99 µL/mL), and anti-tyrosinase (IC50= 5.52 µL/mL) properties. Based on the biological activities (anti-inflammatory and cholinesterase inhibition property), eugenol concentration is found to be a significant marker compound for the quality assessment of CBEO. The results concluded from this study will lay emphasis for utilization of eugenol rich CBEO in food and pharmaceutical industries.