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<p>Wheatgrass (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is valued for its rich bioactive composition and potential therapeutic benefits. This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic properties of wheatgrass extract. Methanolic (ME) and <i>n-hexane</i> (HE) extracts of wheatgrass (WG) were evaluated for phytochemical composition, with ME demonstrating higher total phenolic content (32.41 ± 1.71&#xa0;mg/g GAE) and flavonoid content (48.04 ± 1.50&#xa0;mg/g RE). ME exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> of 20.21 ± 1.24&#xa0;µg/mL and 55.25 ± 0.75 µM Fe (II) equivalents with DPPH and FRAP assay, <i>respectively</i>. ME also displayed promising antidiabetic potential with IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.57 ± 0.38&#xa0;µg/mL, 134.54 ± 20.70&#xa0;µg/mL, and 414.53 ± 54.15&#xa0;µg/mL with α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP (IV) inhibitory assays, <i>respectively</i>. LC-MS/MS analysis of ME revealed the presence of 40 secondary metabolites, including apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, and ascorbic acid, correlating with observed bioactivities. The cytotoxicity assay (IC<sub>50</sub>:519.1 ± 0.08&#xa0;µg/mL), confirmed the safety of WG at therapeutic concentrations. A positive correlation between phenolic contents and bioactivities underscores WG as a natural antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. This study highlights the potential of WG as a functional food or phytopharmaceutical candidate, warranting further in vivo and clinical studies to confirm its efficacy and safety.</p>

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Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic evaluation of wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Nidhi Gupta,
  • Nitin Sharma,
  • Vivek Panwar,
  • Vikas Kumar,
  • Wubetie Adnew

摘要

Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum L.) is valued for its rich bioactive composition and potential therapeutic benefits. This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic properties of wheatgrass extract. Methanolic (ME) and n-hexane (HE) extracts of wheatgrass (WG) were evaluated for phytochemical composition, with ME demonstrating higher total phenolic content (32.41 ± 1.71 mg/g GAE) and flavonoid content (48.04 ± 1.50 mg/g RE). ME exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC50 of 20.21 ± 1.24 µg/mL and 55.25 ± 0.75 µM Fe (II) equivalents with DPPH and FRAP assay, respectively. ME also displayed promising antidiabetic potential with IC50 of 6.57 ± 0.38 µg/mL, 134.54 ± 20.70 µg/mL, and 414.53 ± 54.15 µg/mL with α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP (IV) inhibitory assays, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis of ME revealed the presence of 40 secondary metabolites, including apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, and ascorbic acid, correlating with observed bioactivities. The cytotoxicity assay (IC50:519.1 ± 0.08 µg/mL), confirmed the safety of WG at therapeutic concentrations. A positive correlation between phenolic contents and bioactivities underscores WG as a natural antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. This study highlights the potential of WG as a functional food or phytopharmaceutical candidate, warranting further in vivo and clinical studies to confirm its efficacy and safety.