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<p>Diabetes mellitus is a major global health concern, driven by insulin dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Current treatments often have side effects, prompting interest in natural alternatives. Green algae have emerged as a promising source of fatty acid-heterocyclic hybrids—bioactive compounds with improved bioavailability, cell permeability, and multi-target antidiabetic activity. This review highlights their structural features, biosynthesis, extraction, and analysis, along with key mechanisms of action, including enzyme inhibition (α-glucosidase, α-amylase), modulation of insulin signaling (AMPK, PI3K/Akt), antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and beta-cell protection. While preclinical results are promising, further research is needed to standardize activity, enhance bioavailability, and validate efficacy through clinical studies. Fatty acid-heterocyclic hybrids from green algae offer a novel and promising approach to diabetes management.</p>

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Fatty acid-heterocyclic hybrids from green algae as novel therapeutic prospects for diabetes management

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Aryanti R. Bamahry,
  • Abdul Mubdi Ardiansyar,
  • Asrini Safitri,
  • Derren David Christian Homenta Rampengan,
  • Rony Abdi Syahputra,
  • Nurpudji Astuti Taslim,
  • Antonello Santini,
  • Sergio Vencio,
  • Fahrul Nurkolis

摘要

Diabetes mellitus is a major global health concern, driven by insulin dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Current treatments often have side effects, prompting interest in natural alternatives. Green algae have emerged as a promising source of fatty acid-heterocyclic hybrids—bioactive compounds with improved bioavailability, cell permeability, and multi-target antidiabetic activity. This review highlights their structural features, biosynthesis, extraction, and analysis, along with key mechanisms of action, including enzyme inhibition (α-glucosidase, α-amylase), modulation of insulin signaling (AMPK, PI3K/Akt), antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and beta-cell protection. While preclinical results are promising, further research is needed to standardize activity, enhance bioavailability, and validate efficacy through clinical studies. Fatty acid-heterocyclic hybrids from green algae offer a novel and promising approach to diabetes management.