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<p>Global climate change has profound direct and indirect impacts on human health, including mental health disorders such as anxiety. In this study, we hypothesize the pathways through which climate change contributes to anxiety disorders, with a specific focus on the indirect effects mediated by nutrition. The direct pathway involves environmental stressors such as rising temperatures and extreme climate events, which elevate anxiety levels through chronic stress and uncertainty about the future. The indirect pathway is shaped by climate-induced food insecurity and other dietary and environmental changes, leading to nutritional deficiencies and gut microbiome alterations that disrupt neurological and physiological processes associated with anxiety. Climate change can reduce agricultural diversity and alter the nutritional composition of food, contributing to deficiencies in key micronutrients (e.g., zinc, iron, and B vitamins) essential for neurotransmitter regulation and brain function. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of ultra-processed foods exacerbates these issues. In contrast, climate-induced pathways, such as heat exposure, dehydration, altered food quality, and increased risks of infectious diseases, also affect the gut microbiome, further impacting mental health. There is a reciprocal influence between the gut microbiome and mental health, and a mediation effect of diet and climate-sensitive environmental factors on mental well-being, with disruptions in microbial diversity linked to higher anxiety risks. We propose an integrative framework that illustrates both pathways and highlights the urgency of policy interventions addressing climate-related changes in the food system to mitigate anxiety disorders. Although there is a complex phenomenon in which the policies and strategies of agrifood systems impact food insecurity, we specifically aim to discuss an overlooked aspect of this phenomenon here. We advocate that the understanding of climate change and nutrition is essential for developing effective public health strategies that incorporate environmental sustainability, food security, and mental health resilience.</p>

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Indirect influence of global climate change, mediated by nutrition, on anxiety disorders

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque,
  • Rodrigo Felipe Rodrigues do Carmo,
  • Sávio Marcelino Gomes,
  • Reginaldo Augusto Farias de Gusmão,
  • Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob,
  • Arthur Ramalho,
  • María Teresa Pulido Silva,
  • Juliana Kelly da Silva-Maia,
  • Nicola Schiel,
  • Mauro Dias Silva Júnior,
  • Antonio Souto,
  • Renata Adrielle Lima Vieira

摘要

Global climate change has profound direct and indirect impacts on human health, including mental health disorders such as anxiety. In this study, we hypothesize the pathways through which climate change contributes to anxiety disorders, with a specific focus on the indirect effects mediated by nutrition. The direct pathway involves environmental stressors such as rising temperatures and extreme climate events, which elevate anxiety levels through chronic stress and uncertainty about the future. The indirect pathway is shaped by climate-induced food insecurity and other dietary and environmental changes, leading to nutritional deficiencies and gut microbiome alterations that disrupt neurological and physiological processes associated with anxiety. Climate change can reduce agricultural diversity and alter the nutritional composition of food, contributing to deficiencies in key micronutrients (e.g., zinc, iron, and B vitamins) essential for neurotransmitter regulation and brain function. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of ultra-processed foods exacerbates these issues. In contrast, climate-induced pathways, such as heat exposure, dehydration, altered food quality, and increased risks of infectious diseases, also affect the gut microbiome, further impacting mental health. There is a reciprocal influence between the gut microbiome and mental health, and a mediation effect of diet and climate-sensitive environmental factors on mental well-being, with disruptions in microbial diversity linked to higher anxiety risks. We propose an integrative framework that illustrates both pathways and highlights the urgency of policy interventions addressing climate-related changes in the food system to mitigate anxiety disorders. Although there is a complex phenomenon in which the policies and strategies of agrifood systems impact food insecurity, we specifically aim to discuss an overlooked aspect of this phenomenon here. We advocate that the understanding of climate change and nutrition is essential for developing effective public health strategies that incorporate environmental sustainability, food security, and mental health resilience.