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<p>This review investigates dietary strategies aimed at enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with a special focus on recent meta-analysis evidence supporting the use of probiotics and synbiotics. Dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean, low-carbohydrate, high-fiber, and plant-based diets, have shown significant promise in modulating glucose metabolism through mechanisms involving insulin receptor activation, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor signaling, and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs) regulation. Additionally, probiotics and synbiotics have emerged as complementary approaches, enhancing gut microbiota composition and improving insulin sensitivity through reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. The integration of molecular insights, including the role of siRNA and miRNA in gene regulation, highlights the potential for personalized nutritional therapies. This review provides evidence-based recommendations for daily dietary practices and suggests future research directions targeting combined dietary and molecular interventions for T2D management.</p>

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New insight on dietary strategies to increase insulin sensitivity and reduce diabetes prevalence: an expert perspective and recommendation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Fahrul Nurkolis,
  • Dante Saksono Harbuwono,
  • Nurpudji Astuti Taslim,
  • Sidartawan Soegondo,
  • Ketut Suastika,
  • Roy Alexander Sparringa,
  • Arifa Mustika,
  • Ari Fahrial Syam,
  • Antonello Santini,
  • Jeff M. P. Holly,
  • Arun K. Bhunia,
  • Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata

摘要

This review investigates dietary strategies aimed at enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with a special focus on recent meta-analysis evidence supporting the use of probiotics and synbiotics. Dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean, low-carbohydrate, high-fiber, and plant-based diets, have shown significant promise in modulating glucose metabolism through mechanisms involving insulin receptor activation, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor signaling, and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs) regulation. Additionally, probiotics and synbiotics have emerged as complementary approaches, enhancing gut microbiota composition and improving insulin sensitivity through reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. The integration of molecular insights, including the role of siRNA and miRNA in gene regulation, highlights the potential for personalized nutritional therapies. This review provides evidence-based recommendations for daily dietary practices and suggests future research directions targeting combined dietary and molecular interventions for T2D management.