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Background <p>Tube thoracostomy is a vital life-saving procedure, yet formal hands-on training remains limited in many low-resource settings. High-fidelity simulators are costly and often unavailable. This study evaluated a large-scale tube thoracostomy training program using a freshly sacrificed cadaveric goat chest model as a low-cost, realistic alternative.</p> Methods <p>This prospective, single-arm educational study was conducted between 2006 and 2025 across multiple hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 4045 participants, including interns, residents, and faculty, attended structured workshops comprising didactic lectures, demonstrations, and supervised hands-on practice. Pre- and post-training assessments evaluated knowledge, confidence, and model realism. Faculty used structured checklists to assess performance and document common errors. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and descriptive statistics.</p> Results <p>Of 4045 trainees, 3155 (78%) completed follow-up. Mean knowledge scores improved from 4.99 ± 1.16 to 7.98 ± 1.57 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and confidence from 2.0 ± 1.0 to 4.5 ± 0.5 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Participants rated the cadaveric goat chest model as highly realistic based on their prior exposure to commercially available synthetic manikins during previous training or simulation activities. The most frequent technical errors were incorrect site selection (18%), inadequate dissection (12%), and tube misdirection (10%). Correct tube placement was achieved in 45% of attempts under supervision.</p> Conclusions <p>The cadaveric goat chest model provided a realistic, affordable, and sustainable simulation platform for tube thoracostomy training. It significantly improved participants’ knowledge, confidence, and technical skills, offering a practical alternative to high-cost simulators in resource-limited settings.</p>

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Outcomes of tube thoracostomy training using a cadaveric goat chest model: a 19-year experience

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Muhammad Shoaib Nabi,
  • Zeeshan Sarwar

摘要

Background

Tube thoracostomy is a vital life-saving procedure, yet formal hands-on training remains limited in many low-resource settings. High-fidelity simulators are costly and often unavailable. This study evaluated a large-scale tube thoracostomy training program using a freshly sacrificed cadaveric goat chest model as a low-cost, realistic alternative.

Methods

This prospective, single-arm educational study was conducted between 2006 and 2025 across multiple hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 4045 participants, including interns, residents, and faculty, attended structured workshops comprising didactic lectures, demonstrations, and supervised hands-on practice. Pre- and post-training assessments evaluated knowledge, confidence, and model realism. Faculty used structured checklists to assess performance and document common errors. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and descriptive statistics.

Results

Of 4045 trainees, 3155 (78%) completed follow-up. Mean knowledge scores improved from 4.99 ± 1.16 to 7.98 ± 1.57 (p < 0.001), and confidence from 2.0 ± 1.0 to 4.5 ± 0.5 (p < 0.001). Participants rated the cadaveric goat chest model as highly realistic based on their prior exposure to commercially available synthetic manikins during previous training or simulation activities. The most frequent technical errors were incorrect site selection (18%), inadequate dissection (12%), and tube misdirection (10%). Correct tube placement was achieved in 45% of attempts under supervision.

Conclusions

The cadaveric goat chest model provided a realistic, affordable, and sustainable simulation platform for tube thoracostomy training. It significantly improved participants’ knowledge, confidence, and technical skills, offering a practical alternative to high-cost simulators in resource-limited settings.