Medical students’ perceptions and use of educational technologies and artificial intelligence chatbots as educational resources

Medical students use a variety of educational technologies (EdTech) such as websites, software, and other electronic applications to enhance their self-directed learning. We sought to assess medical students’ current perceptions and use of various EdTech resources, and specifically of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots as potential resources, throughout medical school.

We administered an online survey to all medical students at an urban academic institution in Fall 2023. Responses were summarized with descriptive statistics. Content analysis of free-response data was performed with both inductive and deductive coding schemes. Major themes were identified, and representative quotations selected.

A total of 143 students participated (20% of all students, 62% women). They used question banks, flashcards, and video libraries across all phases of medical school, with an average personal expenditure of $1600 by the end of their studies. Almost all respondents (99%) had either personally used or observed the use of an AI chatbot; 57% of users cited academic purposes, and 70% indicated a positive experience. When asked how they might use AI on surgical clerkships, proposed applications included preparing for operations, streamlining clinical workflow, and supporting self-directed learning. Educators could help students by providing guidance on appropriate use of AI, hands-on skills training, and access to resources.

Medical students at our institution use diverse EdTech resources throughout medical school at significant personal expense. AI use is very common, and students identified several ways that educators can help them make the best use of these technologies, particularly in their surgery clerkships.