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<p>The management of pain, agitation, and delirium (PAD) represents one of the greatest challenges in intensive care units. Nurses play a&#xa0;key role in this process, as they provide continuous patient care, identify changes at an early stage, and initiate appropriate interventions. The use of validated assessment tools enables objective evaluation and supports both pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies. Of particular importance is the ABCDEF bundle (assess, prevent, and manage pain; both spontaneous awakening trials and spontaneous breathing trials; choice of analgesia and sedation; delirium: assess, prevent, and manage; early mobility and exercise; and family engagement and empowerment), which provides a&#xa0;structured approach and, with its extensions, becomes increasingly patient-centered. A&#xa0;structured PAD management strategy significantly contributes to the prevention of complications and the improvement of patient outcomes.</p>

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Die pflegerische Schlüsselrolle im PAD-Management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Sabine Etzenberger,
  • Patrik Heindl

摘要

The management of pain, agitation, and delirium (PAD) represents one of the greatest challenges in intensive care units. Nurses play a key role in this process, as they provide continuous patient care, identify changes at an early stage, and initiate appropriate interventions. The use of validated assessment tools enables objective evaluation and supports both pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies. Of particular importance is the ABCDEF bundle (assess, prevent, and manage pain; both spontaneous awakening trials and spontaneous breathing trials; choice of analgesia and sedation; delirium: assess, prevent, and manage; early mobility and exercise; and family engagement and empowerment), which provides a structured approach and, with its extensions, becomes increasingly patient-centered. A structured PAD management strategy significantly contributes to the prevention of complications and the improvement of patient outcomes.