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<p>Cancer-associated malnutrition and cachexia are common, clinically consequential syndromes that compromise treatment tolerance, increase postoperative and therapy-related complications, diminish quality of life, and shorten survival. Nutritional therapy is therefore increasingly viewed not as supportive care alone, but as a core component of contemporary oncology practice. Yet much of the current evidence remains centered on single nutrients, discrete supplements, or standardized formulas. Such approaches may be poorly suited to the multifactorial biology of cancer-associated wasting, which involves intertwined metabolic reprogramming, systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction, gut-barrier injury, microbiota disturbance, and treatment-related toxicity. Clinical heterogeneity further limits uniform prescription: patients differ substantially in tumor type, disease stage, anticancer regimen, nutritional reserve, inflammatory burden, and metabolic phenotype. In addition, the optimal nutrient combinations, dose ratios, timing, duration, and safety boundaries remain insufficiently defined. To address these gaps, we propose an individualized nutritional therapy framework informed by the traditional Chinese medicine principle of “Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi.” In this model, “Jun” nutrients serve as principal energy and structural substrates; “Chen” nutrients reinforce anti-inflammatory, anabolic, and anti-catabolic responses; “Zuo” nutrients support gut-barrier integrity, microbiota modulation, and mitigation of treatment toxicity; and “Shi” nutrients function as cofactors that enhance metabolic efficiency, bioavailability, and systemic coordination. By aligning mechanistic evidence with representative clinical findings across these functional categories, this framework provides a rational basis for nutrient combination, dynamic adjustment, and patient-tailored nutritional management. Its clinical application may help improve nutritional status, preserve lean body mass, strengthen treatment resilience, and maintain quality of life in patients with cancer.</p>

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“Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi” - the Chinese medical perspective on clinical oncology nutritional therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Shenghao Lin,
  • Bing Li,
  • Qinghua Yao

摘要

Cancer-associated malnutrition and cachexia are common, clinically consequential syndromes that compromise treatment tolerance, increase postoperative and therapy-related complications, diminish quality of life, and shorten survival. Nutritional therapy is therefore increasingly viewed not as supportive care alone, but as a core component of contemporary oncology practice. Yet much of the current evidence remains centered on single nutrients, discrete supplements, or standardized formulas. Such approaches may be poorly suited to the multifactorial biology of cancer-associated wasting, which involves intertwined metabolic reprogramming, systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction, gut-barrier injury, microbiota disturbance, and treatment-related toxicity. Clinical heterogeneity further limits uniform prescription: patients differ substantially in tumor type, disease stage, anticancer regimen, nutritional reserve, inflammatory burden, and metabolic phenotype. In addition, the optimal nutrient combinations, dose ratios, timing, duration, and safety boundaries remain insufficiently defined. To address these gaps, we propose an individualized nutritional therapy framework informed by the traditional Chinese medicine principle of “Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi.” In this model, “Jun” nutrients serve as principal energy and structural substrates; “Chen” nutrients reinforce anti-inflammatory, anabolic, and anti-catabolic responses; “Zuo” nutrients support gut-barrier integrity, microbiota modulation, and mitigation of treatment toxicity; and “Shi” nutrients function as cofactors that enhance metabolic efficiency, bioavailability, and systemic coordination. By aligning mechanistic evidence with representative clinical findings across these functional categories, this framework provides a rational basis for nutrient combination, dynamic adjustment, and patient-tailored nutritional management. Its clinical application may help improve nutritional status, preserve lean body mass, strengthen treatment resilience, and maintain quality of life in patients with cancer.