Hepatitis B virus reactivation associated with CAR T-cell therapy

Patients with hematological malignancies who also have a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection need to be aware of the potential risk of HBV reactivation when undergoing anti-cancer treatments. Among these treatments, CAR T-cell therapy has gained significant attention as a promising option, but it also raises concerns regarding HBV reactivation. This review aims to provide an overview of published reports on HBV reactivation during CAR T-cell therapy, along with an assessment of the effectiveness of prophylactic antiviral therapy. Additionally, we propose a systematic approach for monitoring and managing HBV reactivation during CAR T-cell therapy to enhance the safety of this treatment for patients with HBV infection.