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<p>Uncontrolled bleeding and wound infections remain major challenges in trauma management. This study aimed to develop a low-cost, bioactive wound dressing using electrospun nanofiber membranes composed of chitosan (CTS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> leaf extract (CE). Electrospun CTS/PVA nanofiber membranes containing CE (4&#xa0;mg mL<sup>−1</sup>) were fabricated and characterized. The composite membranes formed uniform, bead-free nanofibers with an average diameter of 374.1 ± 160.6&#xa0;nm and demonstrated a water absorption capacity exceeding 300%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed strong hydrogen bonding among components. Key functional assays revealed that the CE extract alone exhibited potent antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with an inhibition zone of 22.5 ± 1.4&#xa0;mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.56&#xa0;mg mL<sup>−1</sup>. When incorporated into the nanofibers, the composite membrane (PVA/CTS/CE) showed a distinct inhibition zone, a significant improvement over the negligible activity of PVA/CTS controls. Furthermore, the CE extract demonstrated a clear dose-dependent hemostatic effect in vitro, inducing full clotting at concentrations ≥ 12.5&#xa0;mg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Correspondingly, the PVA/CTS/CE membrane significantly accelerated blood clot formation compared to control samples. These findings indicate that the CTS/PVA/CE nanofiber membranes are promising candidates for multifunctional wound dressings, offering a synergistic combination of enhanced antibacterial efficacy and hemostatic performance derived from biopolymer and plant-derived bioactive compounds.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>This schematic illustrates the fabrication and functional performance of electrospun CTS/PVA nanofibrous membranes incorporating <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> extract. Chitosan (CTS), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and the plant extract are blended and processed via electrospinning to form uniform, interconnected nanofibers stabilized through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The resulting bioactive nanofibrous membrane exhibits pronounced antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and enhanced hemostatic performance, highlighting its potential application as an effective wound dressing material. </p>

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Antibacterial and Pro-coagulant Properties of Electrospun CTS/PVA Nanofiber Membranes Loaded with Chromolaena odorata Extract

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Ta Ngoc Ly,
  • Le Thi Hoai Thu,
  • Le Thi Bich Hanh

摘要

Uncontrolled bleeding and wound infections remain major challenges in trauma management. This study aimed to develop a low-cost, bioactive wound dressing using electrospun nanofiber membranes composed of chitosan (CTS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and Chromolaena odorata leaf extract (CE). Electrospun CTS/PVA nanofiber membranes containing CE (4 mg mL−1) were fabricated and characterized. The composite membranes formed uniform, bead-free nanofibers with an average diameter of 374.1 ± 160.6 nm and demonstrated a water absorption capacity exceeding 300%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed strong hydrogen bonding among components. Key functional assays revealed that the CE extract alone exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with an inhibition zone of 22.5 ± 1.4 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.56 mg mL−1. When incorporated into the nanofibers, the composite membrane (PVA/CTS/CE) showed a distinct inhibition zone, a significant improvement over the negligible activity of PVA/CTS controls. Furthermore, the CE extract demonstrated a clear dose-dependent hemostatic effect in vitro, inducing full clotting at concentrations ≥ 12.5 mg mL−1. Correspondingly, the PVA/CTS/CE membrane significantly accelerated blood clot formation compared to control samples. These findings indicate that the CTS/PVA/CE nanofiber membranes are promising candidates for multifunctional wound dressings, offering a synergistic combination of enhanced antibacterial efficacy and hemostatic performance derived from biopolymer and plant-derived bioactive compounds.

Graphical Abstract

This schematic illustrates the fabrication and functional performance of electrospun CTS/PVA nanofibrous membranes incorporating Chromolaena odorata extract. Chitosan (CTS), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and the plant extract are blended and processed via electrospinning to form uniform, interconnected nanofibers stabilized through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The resulting bioactive nanofibrous membrane exhibits pronounced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and enhanced hemostatic performance, highlighting its potential application as an effective wound dressing material.