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<p>The present study describes the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of <i>Tridax procumbens</i>, a medicinal herb traditionally recognized for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The synthesis was carried out under ambient, chemical-free conditions, emphasizing environmental sustainability. The formation of ZnONPs was confirmed by UV–Visible spectroscopy, which exhibited a characteristic absorption peak at 324&#xa0;nm, indicative of nanoscale ZnO formation. XRD analysis revealed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, while SEM micrographs displayed rod- and needle-shaped nanostructures. The zeta potential showed a highly negative value of –62.4&#xa0;mV, confirming excellent colloidal stability, and the particle size ranged between 1.5 and 83.4&#xa0;nm. The biosynthesized ZnONPs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5&#xa0;µg/mL recorded against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Antifungal assays revealed potent inhibitory effects against <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Rhizopus</i> sp., with an MIC of 125&#xa0;µg/mL. Moreover, ZnONPs demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, exhibiting an IC₅₀ value of 120.12&#xa0;µg/mL, suggesting promising anticancer potential. Overall, the study highlights <i>T. procumbens</i>-mediated ZnONPs as a sustainable and multifunctional nanomaterial with significant antimicrobial and anticancer properties. The eco-friendly synthesis approach and dual biological functionality of these nanoparticles underscore their potential applications in biomedical and nanotherapeutic research.</p>

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Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Derived from Tridax procumbens

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Manivannan Govindasamy,
  • Loshini Palani,
  • Ponmurugan Karuppiah,
  • S. T. Gopukumar,
  • Alexpandi Rajaiah,
  • Balasankar Thangasamy

摘要

The present study describes the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Tridax procumbens, a medicinal herb traditionally recognized for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The synthesis was carried out under ambient, chemical-free conditions, emphasizing environmental sustainability. The formation of ZnONPs was confirmed by UV–Visible spectroscopy, which exhibited a characteristic absorption peak at 324 nm, indicative of nanoscale ZnO formation. XRD analysis revealed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, while SEM micrographs displayed rod- and needle-shaped nanostructures. The zeta potential showed a highly negative value of –62.4 mV, confirming excellent colloidal stability, and the particle size ranged between 1.5 and 83.4 nm. The biosynthesized ZnONPs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 µg/mL recorded against Staphylococcus aureus. Antifungal assays revealed potent inhibitory effects against Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus sp., with an MIC of 125 µg/mL. Moreover, ZnONPs demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, exhibiting an IC₅₀ value of 120.12 µg/mL, suggesting promising anticancer potential. Overall, the study highlights T. procumbens-mediated ZnONPs as a sustainable and multifunctional nanomaterial with significant antimicrobial and anticancer properties. The eco-friendly synthesis approach and dual biological functionality of these nanoparticles underscore their potential applications in biomedical and nanotherapeutic research.