<p>Thermoresponsive nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative approach in cancer theranostics, seamlessly integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions in a single system. These smart materials respond to temperature changes by altering their physicochemical properties, enabling precise control of drug release, imaging contrast, and real-time monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. Diverse compositions, including polymers, inorganic nanostructures, and hybrid materials, have been explored for their unique thermoresponsive behaviors. Diagnostic applications include molecular imaging, biosensing, and biomarker detection, whereas therapeutic applications include controlled drug delivery, hyperthermia-based therapies, and combination treatments. Integrated theranostic platforms, such as dual-function nanoparticles and multimodal systems, offer significant advantages for personalized cancer management. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the potential of these systems to enhance therapeutic outcomes and minimize side effects. However, challenges related to the material design, biocompatibility, and regulatory hurdles must be addressed for successful clinical translation. Future directions in this field involve the development of smarter, multi-stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, the integration of artificial intelligence for personalized therapy, and interdisciplinary collaboration to drive innovation. With ongoing advancements and refinement, thermoresponsive nanomaterials hold immense promise for revolutionizing cancer diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>