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<p>Nanotechnology has revolutionized the treatment of gangrene, a fatal disease with complex pathophysiology including hypoxia, bacterial infection, and impaired vascularization. Nanoparticles like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and hybrid systems offer targeted drug delivery, biofilm disruption, and neutralization of bacterial toxins. These platforms also enable real-time diagnostic capabilities and precise therapeutic strategies, enabling tissue reconstruction and healing processes. The review investigates the combined effects of nanoparticle methods while analyzing nanotechnology in gangrene treatment and biomarkers as key tools for modernizing gangrene medical practice. For instance, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit potent antimicrobial properties, reducing the bacterial load in infected tissues and minimizing the need for high-dose systemic antibiotics. Similarly, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with antibiotics improve drug penetration into necrotic tissue, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing drug resistance. Additionally, biomarkers such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) allow for early infection detection, preventing severe complications that often necessitate amputations or prolonged intensive care. These innovations not only lead to superior clinical outcomes but also significantly cut healthcare costs by reducing hospitalization durations, surgical interventions, and post-operative complications.Such innovations are set to transform treatment because they directly target the original disease problems and enhance healing processes thus leading to superior clinical benefits and reduced healthcare expenses.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Revolutionizing Gangrene Therapy: Nanoparticle-Based Interventions and Biomarker Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Elizabeth Rani Edwin,
  • Silpa Jayaprakash,
  • Yamuna Gopi,
  • Praveen Madhaiyan,
  • Punniyakoti V. Thanikachalam,
  • Pavithra Bharathy

摘要

Nanotechnology has revolutionized the treatment of gangrene, a fatal disease with complex pathophysiology including hypoxia, bacterial infection, and impaired vascularization. Nanoparticles like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and hybrid systems offer targeted drug delivery, biofilm disruption, and neutralization of bacterial toxins. These platforms also enable real-time diagnostic capabilities and precise therapeutic strategies, enabling tissue reconstruction and healing processes. The review investigates the combined effects of nanoparticle methods while analyzing nanotechnology in gangrene treatment and biomarkers as key tools for modernizing gangrene medical practice. For instance, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit potent antimicrobial properties, reducing the bacterial load in infected tissues and minimizing the need for high-dose systemic antibiotics. Similarly, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with antibiotics improve drug penetration into necrotic tissue, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing drug resistance. Additionally, biomarkers such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) allow for early infection detection, preventing severe complications that often necessitate amputations or prolonged intensive care. These innovations not only lead to superior clinical outcomes but also significantly cut healthcare costs by reducing hospitalization durations, surgical interventions, and post-operative complications.Such innovations are set to transform treatment because they directly target the original disease problems and enhance healing processes thus leading to superior clinical benefits and reduced healthcare expenses.

Graphical Abstract