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<p><i>Acmella caulirhiza</i> is a highly valued medicinal plant globally, renowned for its therapeutic properties and potential health benefits. This study successfully synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of <i>A. caulirhiza</i>, highlighting the role of green biotechnology in producing nanomaterials for biological applications. The UV–Vis spectrum of the bio-fabricated ZnONPs displayed a characteristic absorbance peak at 290&#xa0;nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of functional biomolecules, which were crucial in nanoparticle synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated their spherical morphology. Elemental analysis verified the nanoparticle composition, and zeta potential measurements indicated high stability with a value of -31&#xa0;mV. The average particle size was determined to be 97.05&#xa0;nm. The synthesized ZnONPs exhibited notable antibacterial activity, producing inhibition zones of 17&#xa0;mm against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and 15&#xa0;mm against <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests demonstrated significant effectiveness, with <i>S. aureus</i> showing the highest growth inhibition at 72%. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH (62.30%), ABTS (51.72%), and SOD (60.32%) assays, yielding promising results. Additionally, the ZnONPs exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties. Biocompatibility testing revealed hemolytic activity of 12.68% at a concentration of 500&#xa0;µg/mL, confirming their suitability for biomedical applications. The novelty of this study lies in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using <i>A. caulirhiza</i>, showcasing their diverse biomedical applications, including antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hemolytic treatments.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Acmella caulirhiza Leaf Extract: Characterization and Assessment of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Hemolytic Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Dharmalingam Kirubakaran,
  • Giridharan Bupesh,
  • Jamith Basha Abdul Wahid,
  • Rajendiran Murugeswaran,
  • Jothi Ramalingam,
  • Selvaraj Arokiyaraj,
  • Vairakkannu Sivasakthi,
  • Jogeswar Panigrahi

摘要

Acmella caulirhiza is a highly valued medicinal plant globally, renowned for its therapeutic properties and potential health benefits. This study successfully synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of A. caulirhiza, highlighting the role of green biotechnology in producing nanomaterials for biological applications. The UV–Vis spectrum of the bio-fabricated ZnONPs displayed a characteristic absorbance peak at 290 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of functional biomolecules, which were crucial in nanoparticle synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated their spherical morphology. Elemental analysis verified the nanoparticle composition, and zeta potential measurements indicated high stability with a value of -31 mV. The average particle size was determined to be 97.05 nm. The synthesized ZnONPs exhibited notable antibacterial activity, producing inhibition zones of 17 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 15 mm against Escherichia coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests demonstrated significant effectiveness, with S. aureus showing the highest growth inhibition at 72%. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH (62.30%), ABTS (51.72%), and SOD (60.32%) assays, yielding promising results. Additionally, the ZnONPs exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties. Biocompatibility testing revealed hemolytic activity of 12.68% at a concentration of 500 µg/mL, confirming their suitability for biomedical applications. The novelty of this study lies in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using A. caulirhiza, showcasing their diverse biomedical applications, including antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hemolytic treatments.

Graphical Abstract