Origami-Kirigami Structures and Its Applications in Biomedical Devices

Biological structures, spanning the spectrum from cells to multicellular organisms, organs, and the human body, exhibit exquisite hierarchical precision in three dimensions. Modern biomedicine necessitates precise detection and manipulation on the surfaces of organisms with complex morphology. The assembly of medical devices into three-dimensional structures requires a complex design and preparation process. Origami and Kirigami, rooted in historical craftsmanship, provide a viable solution to the challenges posed by the intricate world of biomedical engineering. Through simple geometric design, these traditional arts can impart novel mechanical properties, including but not limited to precise 3D deformation, hyper-stretching capabilities, and the creation of multistable structures. Origami and Kirigami designs present innovative opportunities for the high-volume assembly of 3D bio-integrated systems. This review aims to summarize and highlight the advantages offered by Origami and Kirigami design in biomedical engineering. Specifically, we will delve into their applications in diverse areas such as biosensing, scaffolds, medical instruments, and bioassembly. By elucidating these applications, we intend to underscore the versatility and transformative potential these traditional arts bring to the forefront of cutting-edge biomedical technologies. Lastly, we will discuss the challenges and future perspectives of origami and Kirigami design.