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<p>Circadian rhythm reflects the existence of intrinsic biological clock that temporally coordinates physiological function and life activities to adapt the variations of external cues. Therefore, changes in external stimuli, such as long-term light exposure, viral infection, chemical pollution, and so on, may disturb biological clock outputs. Among them, exposure to exogenous chemical substances is identified as one of the important causes of circadian disruption. Furthermore, an abundance of evidence suggests that circadian dysregulation can affect various physiological processes at different biological levels, and in severe cases, even lead to diseases. In this review, we focus on and summarize 45 environmental pollutants that might interfere with the circadian rhythm systems, which can be divided into ten major categories: long-term light, high temperature, noise, and radioactive substances exposure, bacterial infection, parasitic infection, and viral infection, steroid hormones, phenolic compounds, polyhalogenated compounds, dioxin, perfluorooctane sulfonates, herbicide, pesticide, and fungicide, air pollutants, and metals. We also characterize many physiological processes that are affected by environmental pollutant induced-circadian disruption, and discuss implications of circadian misalignment in pathologies. Our review makes supplements for evaluating the toxicity of different environmental pollutants from the perspective of disrupted circadian networks, and emphasize the correlation between circadian rhythm disorders and physiological process misalignment and the origin/development of diseases. Although most studies focus on transcriptional and behavioral alterations, additional effects and adverse health consequences are preliminarily explored. Based on this theory, some chronotherapies have emerged as great progress in the clinical field and the circadian rhythm feature parameters obtained by combining machine learning and wearable technology have also been widely applied to real-time symptom assessment, hopefully establishing corresponding circadian rhythm precision medicine in the future.</p>

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Circadian Rhythm Disorders: Focusing on Environmental Risk Factors, Interrelationship with Diseases, and Developing Chronotherapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月24日

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  • Shiya Li,
  • Xia Li,
  • Nan Nan,
  • Yaru Zhang,
  • Zhipeng Yan,
  • Mengzhen Xu,
  • Yuanbao Zhang,
  • Rui Chen,
  • Guohua Qin

摘要

Circadian rhythm reflects the existence of intrinsic biological clock that temporally coordinates physiological function and life activities to adapt the variations of external cues. Therefore, changes in external stimuli, such as long-term light exposure, viral infection, chemical pollution, and so on, may disturb biological clock outputs. Among them, exposure to exogenous chemical substances is identified as one of the important causes of circadian disruption. Furthermore, an abundance of evidence suggests that circadian dysregulation can affect various physiological processes at different biological levels, and in severe cases, even lead to diseases. In this review, we focus on and summarize 45 environmental pollutants that might interfere with the circadian rhythm systems, which can be divided into ten major categories: long-term light, high temperature, noise, and radioactive substances exposure, bacterial infection, parasitic infection, and viral infection, steroid hormones, phenolic compounds, polyhalogenated compounds, dioxin, perfluorooctane sulfonates, herbicide, pesticide, and fungicide, air pollutants, and metals. We also characterize many physiological processes that are affected by environmental pollutant induced-circadian disruption, and discuss implications of circadian misalignment in pathologies. Our review makes supplements for evaluating the toxicity of different environmental pollutants from the perspective of disrupted circadian networks, and emphasize the correlation between circadian rhythm disorders and physiological process misalignment and the origin/development of diseases. Although most studies focus on transcriptional and behavioral alterations, additional effects and adverse health consequences are preliminarily explored. Based on this theory, some chronotherapies have emerged as great progress in the clinical field and the circadian rhythm feature parameters obtained by combining machine learning and wearable technology have also been widely applied to real-time symptom assessment, hopefully establishing corresponding circadian rhythm precision medicine in the future.