<p>Increasing concerns about the exposure risks of OPEs have recently led to widespread monitoring of this class of contaminants in the environment. Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (TDTBPP), as a novel OPE, has been widely detected in the environment and in living organisms, frequently at concentrations that exceed or equal those of conventional OPEs. Owing to the&#xa0;high persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-range transport potential exhibited by TDTBPP, it is emerging as an important environmental issue. This review summarizes the currently available literature on TDTBPP and provides a comprehensive overview of its physicochemical properties, sources, environmental distribution, toxicity, and exposure risks to facilitate researchers and policy makers in understanding the potential impacts of this novel emerging chemical on the environment and human health. The complex and stable structure, along with the unique physicochemical properties of TDTBPP, suggests its potential to become a persistent pollutant. The main sources of TDTBPP in the environment include releases from consumer products and the transformation of tris (2,4-di-tert-butyl) phosphite (AO168, a widely used antioxidant), but data on industrial sources are still lacking. Current monitoring studies have focused on TDTBPP in indoor and outdoor dust and air, whereas information on water, sediment, soil, and organisms remains limited. Available studies indicate that TDTBPP may cause acute and chronic toxicity to microorganisms, aquatic organisms, and mammals, and pose a potential exposure risk to human health. However, the lack of key toxicological data limits the ability to assess these risks accurately. On the basis of the review and analysis of existing studies, some suggestions for future research on TDTBPP are suggested.</p>