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<p>The β-metastable alloys in the quaternary Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr system represent particularly attractive candidates for the fabrication of femoral prostheses. The present work studies the influence of aging heat treatment and Zr content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of two series of alloys comprising respectively Ti-29Nb-2Mo with 0, 3, and 6% Zr and Ti-24Nb-4Mo with 0, 3, and 6% Zr. Aging heat treatments between 300&#xa0;°C and 500&#xa0;°C were performed following annealing at 950&#xa0;°C for 1&#xa0;h. Microstructural investigations were conducted by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, while microhardness and Young’s modulus measurements were performed. The results showed that the microstructure is not modified by the Zr content but strongly depends on aging temperature due to the precipitation of ω or α phase into the β matrix. The six Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr alloys achieved HV/E values substantially exceeding that of the commercial Ti-6Al-4&#xa0;V alloy and can all be considered as promising alloys for orthopedic applications. The highest HV/E ratios were observed after aging at 400&#xa0;°C, with a maximum obtained for the Ti-29Nb-2Mo-6Zr alloy. With a view to using the (Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr) alloys for the fabrication of prosthetic hip stems with a gradient in mechanical properties, a low Young’s modulus is required for the distal part whereas, in the neck region, a local aging treatment increases the hardness. In the annealed state, the Ti-29Nb-2Mo-6Zr alloy exhibits the lowest Young’s modulus. For this alloy, a maximum hardness of 418 HV is obtained after aging for 4&#xa0;h at 400&#xa0;°C.</p>

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Impact of aging treatment and Zr content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr metastable β titanium alloys for biomedical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Aline Raquel Vieira Nunes,
  • João de Ataíde Garcia Precioso,
  • Sinara Borborema,
  • Leonardo Sales Araújo,
  • Jean Dille,
  • Luiz Henrique de Almeida

摘要

The β-metastable alloys in the quaternary Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr system represent particularly attractive candidates for the fabrication of femoral prostheses. The present work studies the influence of aging heat treatment and Zr content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of two series of alloys comprising respectively Ti-29Nb-2Mo with 0, 3, and 6% Zr and Ti-24Nb-4Mo with 0, 3, and 6% Zr. Aging heat treatments between 300 °C and 500 °C were performed following annealing at 950 °C for 1 h. Microstructural investigations were conducted by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, while microhardness and Young’s modulus measurements were performed. The results showed that the microstructure is not modified by the Zr content but strongly depends on aging temperature due to the precipitation of ω or α phase into the β matrix. The six Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr alloys achieved HV/E values substantially exceeding that of the commercial Ti-6Al-4 V alloy and can all be considered as promising alloys for orthopedic applications. The highest HV/E ratios were observed after aging at 400 °C, with a maximum obtained for the Ti-29Nb-2Mo-6Zr alloy. With a view to using the (Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr) alloys for the fabrication of prosthetic hip stems with a gradient in mechanical properties, a low Young’s modulus is required for the distal part whereas, in the neck region, a local aging treatment increases the hardness. In the annealed state, the Ti-29Nb-2Mo-6Zr alloy exhibits the lowest Young’s modulus. For this alloy, a maximum hardness of 418 HV is obtained after aging for 4 h at 400 °C.