<p>The concept of BED-algebras, introduced by Inoue and Takahasi, explores the Gelfand image of commutative Banach algebras and draws inspiration from a theorem by Doss, which characterizes continuous functions on the dual group arising as the image of absolutely continuous measures under the Fourier-Stieltjes transform. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="14" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathfrak {A}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathfrak {B}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">B</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be commutative semisimple Banach algebras, and let <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathfrak {A}\tilde{\otimes }\mathfrak {B}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mo>⊗</mo> <mo stretchy="false">~</mo> </mover> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">B</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denote a Banach algebra obtained by completing <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="50" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathfrak {A}\otimes \mathfrak {B}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> <mo>⊗</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">B</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with respect to a submultiplicative cross-norm dominating the injective norm. In this paper, we examine the BED-properties of <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathfrak {A}\tilde{\otimes }\mathfrak {B}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mo>⊗</mo> <mo stretchy="false">~</mo> </mover> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">B</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and establish necessary and sufficient conditions for <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="61" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {C}_0(\Omega ,{\mathfrak {A}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">C</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to be a BED-algebra. Specifically, for a discrete space <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we prove that <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="61" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {C}_0(\Omega ,{\mathfrak {A}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">C</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a BED-algebra if and only if <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="14" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathfrak {A}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> itself is a BED-algebra. Furthermore, we extend this result to the algebra <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="62" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\ell ^p(X,{\mathfrak {A}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ℓ</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, showing that it is a BED-algebra if and only if <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="44146_2025_205_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="14" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathfrak {A}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">A</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a BED-algebra.</p>

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BED properties of some Banach algebras of vector-valued functions

  • Meisam Soleimani Malekan

摘要

The concept of BED-algebras, introduced by Inoue and Takahasi, explores the Gelfand image of commutative Banach algebras and draws inspiration from a theorem by Doss, which characterizes continuous functions on the dual group arising as the image of absolutely continuous measures under the Fourier-Stieltjes transform. Let \({\mathfrak {A}}\) A and \({\mathfrak {B}}\) B be commutative semisimple Banach algebras, and let \(\mathfrak {A}\tilde{\otimes }\mathfrak {B}\) A ~ B denote a Banach algebra obtained by completing \(\mathfrak {A}\otimes \mathfrak {B}\) A B with respect to a submultiplicative cross-norm dominating the injective norm. In this paper, we examine the BED-properties of \(\mathfrak {A}\tilde{\otimes }\mathfrak {B}\) A ~ B and establish necessary and sufficient conditions for \(\mathcal {C}_0(\Omega ,{\mathfrak {A}})\) C 0 ( Ω , A ) to be a BED-algebra. Specifically, for a discrete space \(\Omega \) Ω , we prove that \(\mathcal {C}_0(\Omega ,{\mathfrak {A}})\) C 0 ( Ω , A ) is a BED-algebra if and only if \({\mathfrak {A}}\) A itself is a BED-algebra. Furthermore, we extend this result to the algebra \(\ell ^p(X,{\mathfrak {A}})\) p ( X , A ) , showing that it is a BED-algebra if and only if \({\mathfrak {A}}\) A is a BED-algebra.