<p>Marine biodiversity is significantly influenced by coral reefs. However, due to human activities and climate change, they are in danger of rapidly going extinct. The monitoring of coral reefs has become an essential stage for observing their current condition, and coral reef mapping has become an important step in monitoring their health and evolution. This mapping can be done remotely using satellite imagery, such as Sentinel-2. However, coral reefs pose a unique difficulty for remote sensing since they are quite heterogeneous at meter sizes and can be found at a range of depths and water clarity regimes. This study investigates the application of Sentinel-2 imagery for high-resolution and accurate coral reef mapping. It shows that Sentinel-2 can be effectively integrated with existing methods to enhance the quality and detail of reef monitoring data beyond what earlier remote sensing approaches offered. The findings also demonstrate the critical role of this monitoring for informing sustainable urban planning, assessing risks to coastal infrastructure, and preserving the unique architectural heritage of the Red Sea region, which historically utilized coral limestone as a primary building material. The findings show that the use of earth observation dataset can greatly enhance the effectiveness of coral reef monitoring efforts and contribute to the conservation and preservation of these vital ecosystems.</p>