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<p>Skylights are critical in enhancing natural lighting and energy efficiency in modern buildings, particularly in regions with abundant sunlight. However, in desert climates like Saudi Arabia, extreme wind loads and sandstorms pose serious challenges to their structural integrity. Optimizing skylight systems for such environments is essential to ensure safety, durability, and compliance with local building codes. This study develops a comprehensive parametric and structural optimization framework for skylight systems in high-wind, arid regions. Key design variables, including rise height, glass thickness, aluminum profile depth, and connection rigidity, are systematically investigated using advanced finite element analysis in SAP2000 and validation through Window Glass Design (WGD). A total of 25 skylight configurations are analyzed to evaluate deflection, stress distribution, and axial force behavior under realistic loading scenarios. Results reveal nonlinear interactions between geometry and structural performance, with higher-rise skylights demonstrating improved efficiency. The proposed framework integrates performance criteria from the Saudi Building Code, offering practical guidance for resilient and cost-effective skylight installations in extreme desert environments.</p>

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Structural optimization of skylight systems in desert climates: A parametric study compliant with Saudi building code

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Mohammad Hanein,
  • Ismail Mohamud Ali,
  • Abdulahman Alzoughaibi,
  • Muhammad Tayyab Naqash

摘要

Skylights are critical in enhancing natural lighting and energy efficiency in modern buildings, particularly in regions with abundant sunlight. However, in desert climates like Saudi Arabia, extreme wind loads and sandstorms pose serious challenges to their structural integrity. Optimizing skylight systems for such environments is essential to ensure safety, durability, and compliance with local building codes. This study develops a comprehensive parametric and structural optimization framework for skylight systems in high-wind, arid regions. Key design variables, including rise height, glass thickness, aluminum profile depth, and connection rigidity, are systematically investigated using advanced finite element analysis in SAP2000 and validation through Window Glass Design (WGD). A total of 25 skylight configurations are analyzed to evaluate deflection, stress distribution, and axial force behavior under realistic loading scenarios. Results reveal nonlinear interactions between geometry and structural performance, with higher-rise skylights demonstrating improved efficiency. The proposed framework integrates performance criteria from the Saudi Building Code, offering practical guidance for resilient and cost-effective skylight installations in extreme desert environments.