Utilization of untreated sugarcane bagasse ash in the construction industry
摘要
The concrete industry faces increasing pressure to reduce its environmental footprint, primarily due to the significant carbon emissions associated with cement production. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), a by-product of the sugar industry, has been widely investigated as a cement substitute; however, most studies require energy-intensive treatments such as grinding or high-temperature calcination to improve its pozzolanic activity. These treatments often undermine the environmental benefits intended. This study explores the direct use of untreated SCBA in concrete production as a low-energy, eco-conscious alternative. The research investigates its performance as a partial replacement for cement and sand, and as an admixture to minimize environmental impact. A total of eleven concrete mixes were tested for workability and compressive strength at 28, 56, and 91 days. The results revealed that 5% cement replacement with untreated SCBA reduced compressive strength by 19% at 28 days, whereas replacing 5% sand led to an 11% strength gain. As an admixture, 5% SCBA also improved strength compared to the control. A sustainability case study on a 398.76 m³ residential villa demonstrated that replacing 10% cement with untreated SCBA reduced CO₂ emissions by 17.45 tons and cut construction costs by 6.4%. In conclusion, untreated SCBA presents a viable and environmentally superior option for sustainable concrete, especially when used as a sand substitute or admixture. It avoids the hidden environmental costs of thermal or mechanical processing. Future research should focus on long-term durability testing and optimizing mix designs that balance performance with maximum environmental savings.