<p>This paper presents a new computationally effective hybrid model strategy that integrates the Control Volume Method (CVM) and the Boundary Element Method (BEM) to model heat transfer in blood vessels and the surrounding tissues. Leverage BEM’s accuracy in mimicking boundary conditions and CVM’s capability for the calculation of the internal field change, the new strategy is capable of accurately simulating the coupled thermal response of vascular tissues. The model combines Pennes’ equation of tissue temperature with an axial energy equation for blood flow with vessel–tissue interface heat flux continuity. The model is distinguished by the new feature that it retrocalculates the perfusion heat source from the increasingly accurate local blood temperature using an iterative algorithm, and this enhances the physiological accuracy of the simulation. Large-scale numerical simulations confirm the validity, stability, and efficiency of the model and a rigorous sensitivity analysis establishes the significance of fundamental physiological parameters like blood velocity, perfusion rate, metabolic rate, and axial position on tissue temperature distributions. Results not only confirm the hybrid BEM–CVM approach but also establish the method as suitable for thermal therapy optimization, implant design, and predictive capabilities for biomedical heat transfer simulations.</p>