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<p>Functionally graded materials are among the most important and recently used materials within composite materials. The addition of nanomaterials is a source of strength for these materials due to their unique properties. In this research, the effect of adding nano-zinc oxide and nano-titanium oxide to functionally graded polymer-based materials was studied. Epoxy composite samples were prepared by adding each of the nano-zinc oxide and nano-titanium oxide particles separately in layers at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%). The mechanical properties of the prepared samples, such as tensile properties, hardness, and impact, were studied, in addition to morphological properties examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). It was found that there was an increase in the tensile properties such as ultimate stress, Young’s modulus, and ultimate strain, as well as an increase in hardness and impact resistance. All these increases occurred with an increase in the concentration of nanomaterials up to 2%, followed by a decrease at 2.5%.</p>

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Tensile, impact, and morphological characteristics of functionally graded epoxy composites enhanced with TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Mohammed Ali Diwan,
  • Saddam K. Al‑Raheem,
  • Abbas Ali Diwan,
  • Mohammed J. Alshukri

摘要

Functionally graded materials are among the most important and recently used materials within composite materials. The addition of nanomaterials is a source of strength for these materials due to their unique properties. In this research, the effect of adding nano-zinc oxide and nano-titanium oxide to functionally graded polymer-based materials was studied. Epoxy composite samples were prepared by adding each of the nano-zinc oxide and nano-titanium oxide particles separately in layers at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%). The mechanical properties of the prepared samples, such as tensile properties, hardness, and impact, were studied, in addition to morphological properties examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). It was found that there was an increase in the tensile properties such as ultimate stress, Young’s modulus, and ultimate strain, as well as an increase in hardness and impact resistance. All these increases occurred with an increase in the concentration of nanomaterials up to 2%, followed by a decrease at 2.5%.