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Aim <p>To evaluate and compare the effect of CPP-ACP tooth mousse and pearl gel on enamel–bracket shear bond strength when applied before and after acid etching in an in vitro model.</p> Materials and methods <p>Twenty-five extracted human anterior teeth were included and randomly allocated into five groups (n = 5 per group): CPP-ACP before etching, CPP-ACP after etching, pearl gel before etching, pearl gel after etching, and control. Standardized bonding procedures were carried out using 37% phosphoric acid etching, followed by bracket bonding and light curing as per manufacturer instructions. All samples underwent thermocycling (500 cycles between 5°C and 55°C). Shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine, and values were recorded in Newtons and converted to stress values (MPa). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and independent t-tests (α = 0.05).</p> Results <p>Mean shear bond strength values were higher in groups where remineralizing agents were applied after etching, particularly in the pearl gel group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the groups (ANOVA, p = 0.665). Similarly, timing-based comparisons did not show significant differences (p &gt; 0.05). A significant difference was observed only for compressive displacement (p = 0.018).</p> Conclusion <p>Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the application of CPP-ACP and pearl gel, either before or after acid etching, did not result in statistically significant differences in enamel–bracket shear bond strength. Although higher numerical values were observed with post-etch application these differences were not statistically significant.</p>

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In vitro comparative evaluation of pearl gel and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate on enamel bracket shear bond strength

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Shivangi Dixit,
  • Kavitha R

摘要

Aim

To evaluate and compare the effect of CPP-ACP tooth mousse and pearl gel on enamel–bracket shear bond strength when applied before and after acid etching in an in vitro model.

Materials and methods

Twenty-five extracted human anterior teeth were included and randomly allocated into five groups (n = 5 per group): CPP-ACP before etching, CPP-ACP after etching, pearl gel before etching, pearl gel after etching, and control. Standardized bonding procedures were carried out using 37% phosphoric acid etching, followed by bracket bonding and light curing as per manufacturer instructions. All samples underwent thermocycling (500 cycles between 5°C and 55°C). Shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine, and values were recorded in Newtons and converted to stress values (MPa). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and independent t-tests (α = 0.05).

Results

Mean shear bond strength values were higher in groups where remineralizing agents were applied after etching, particularly in the pearl gel group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the groups (ANOVA, p = 0.665). Similarly, timing-based comparisons did not show significant differences (p > 0.05). A significant difference was observed only for compressive displacement (p = 0.018).

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the application of CPP-ACP and pearl gel, either before or after acid etching, did not result in statistically significant differences in enamel–bracket shear bond strength. Although higher numerical values were observed with post-etch application these differences were not statistically significant.