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<p>The growing need for eco-friendly materials has put the natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) as promising substitutes for synthetic materials. However, their weak interfacial adhesion and hydrophilicity hinder the composite performance and it could be overcome by treating the natural fibers chemically before reinforcing in to the polymers. This study aims to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix by reinforcing the NaOH-treated <i>Phoenix sp.</i> fibers at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20%) in to the polyester matrix. The prepared composite samples were systematically evaluated for both static and dynamic mechanical properties to assess the influence of alkali treatment. The investigation included tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, and interlaminar shear strength measurements, along with dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Based on the experimental results, alkali treatment was found to significantly improve fiber–matrix interfacial adhesion by effectively removing surface impurities and increasing fiber surface roughness. This enhanced interfacial bonding consequently led to considerable improvements in both the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the composite. Across all composite variations, the 15% NaOH-treated fiber-loaded composites showed optimum properties with a tensile strength of 65.37&#xa0;MPa (+ 35.1%), a flexural strength of 110.01&#xa0;MPa (+ 31.24%), an impact strength of 32.67&#xa0;kJ/m² (+ 48.23%), a hardness of 79.62 Shore D (+ 9.5%), and an ILSS of 58.67&#xa0;MPa (+ 40.0%) compared to untreated composites. Similarly, DMA results exhibited enhanced outcomes with a storage modulus of 4.01 GPa, a loss modulus of 2.96 GPa, and a damping factor (tan δ) of 0.194 with a favorable increase in glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>) to 135.94&#xa0;°C. In addition, the fractographic analysis was performed to confirm the existence of strong interfacial adhesion between the composite elements.</p>

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Effect of alkali treatment on static and dynamic mechanical properties of phoenix sp. fiber reinforced polyester composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • G. Rajeshkumar,
  • K. Vigneshwaran,
  • M. G. Ranjithkumar,
  • K. C. Nagaraja,
  • S. V. Naren Prasaadh

摘要

The growing need for eco-friendly materials has put the natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) as promising substitutes for synthetic materials. However, their weak interfacial adhesion and hydrophilicity hinder the composite performance and it could be overcome by treating the natural fibers chemically before reinforcing in to the polymers. This study aims to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix by reinforcing the NaOH-treated Phoenix sp. fibers at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20%) in to the polyester matrix. The prepared composite samples were systematically evaluated for both static and dynamic mechanical properties to assess the influence of alkali treatment. The investigation included tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, and interlaminar shear strength measurements, along with dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Based on the experimental results, alkali treatment was found to significantly improve fiber–matrix interfacial adhesion by effectively removing surface impurities and increasing fiber surface roughness. This enhanced interfacial bonding consequently led to considerable improvements in both the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the composite. Across all composite variations, the 15% NaOH-treated fiber-loaded composites showed optimum properties with a tensile strength of 65.37 MPa (+ 35.1%), a flexural strength of 110.01 MPa (+ 31.24%), an impact strength of 32.67 kJ/m² (+ 48.23%), a hardness of 79.62 Shore D (+ 9.5%), and an ILSS of 58.67 MPa (+ 40.0%) compared to untreated composites. Similarly, DMA results exhibited enhanced outcomes with a storage modulus of 4.01 GPa, a loss modulus of 2.96 GPa, and a damping factor (tan δ) of 0.194 with a favorable increase in glass transition temperature (Tg) to 135.94 °C. In addition, the fractographic analysis was performed to confirm the existence of strong interfacial adhesion between the composite elements.