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<p>Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) offer low density, high specific strength and good thermal stability, yet their deployment in certification-critical aerospace, automotive, energy and biomedical components remain constrained by incomplete understanding of strength–toughness–durability trade-offs. This work provides a mechanistic, meta-analytical review of reinforced TMCs, spanning ceramic, intermetallic, metallic, nanocarbon and laminate or hybrid architectures, with emphasis on how reinforcement chemistry, interface design and hierarchical microstructure jointly control static and time-dependent performance. A quantitative property landscape is compiled for major reinforcement families, enabling side-by-side comparison of tensile strength, stiffness, ductility, fracture toughness, fatigue strength, creep resistance and environmental stability, and revealing how ceramic-rich systems occupy a strong-but-brittle corner of design space, whereas laminate, hybrid and nanocarbon-reinforced systems offer more balanced toughness and durability windows.</p><p>Building on this analysis, the review introduces a tri-coupled framework that treats interface engineering, hierarchical reinforcement architecture and multiscale validation as interdependent design levers for next-generation TMCs. Within this framework, advanced characterization, digital-twin concepts and machine-learning-assisted models are integrated with mechanical testing to generate more predictive process–structure–property maps and to identify microstructural signatures of long-term damage tolerance. The review further outlines key translation barriers—including microstructural reproducibility in advanced processing routes, the lack of standardized multi-environment fatigue and creep protocols, data limitations for mechanistic and data-driven modeling, and sustainability constraints—and proposes an agenda in which targeted durability testing, hetero-deformation-based strengthening models and data-rich digital workflows are systematically combined to accelerate qualification of titanium-based composite systems for reliable, certifiable service in demanding structural applications.</p>

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Mechanistic advances in reinforcement interface and processing synergies and translation barriers in titanium matrix composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Dare Victor Abere,
  • Sammy A. Ojo,
  • Ojoma Helen Adejo,
  • Grace Modupe Oyatogun

摘要

Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) offer low density, high specific strength and good thermal stability, yet their deployment in certification-critical aerospace, automotive, energy and biomedical components remain constrained by incomplete understanding of strength–toughness–durability trade-offs. This work provides a mechanistic, meta-analytical review of reinforced TMCs, spanning ceramic, intermetallic, metallic, nanocarbon and laminate or hybrid architectures, with emphasis on how reinforcement chemistry, interface design and hierarchical microstructure jointly control static and time-dependent performance. A quantitative property landscape is compiled for major reinforcement families, enabling side-by-side comparison of tensile strength, stiffness, ductility, fracture toughness, fatigue strength, creep resistance and environmental stability, and revealing how ceramic-rich systems occupy a strong-but-brittle corner of design space, whereas laminate, hybrid and nanocarbon-reinforced systems offer more balanced toughness and durability windows.

Building on this analysis, the review introduces a tri-coupled framework that treats interface engineering, hierarchical reinforcement architecture and multiscale validation as interdependent design levers for next-generation TMCs. Within this framework, advanced characterization, digital-twin concepts and machine-learning-assisted models are integrated with mechanical testing to generate more predictive process–structure–property maps and to identify microstructural signatures of long-term damage tolerance. The review further outlines key translation barriers—including microstructural reproducibility in advanced processing routes, the lack of standardized multi-environment fatigue and creep protocols, data limitations for mechanistic and data-driven modeling, and sustainability constraints—and proposes an agenda in which targeted durability testing, hetero-deformation-based strengthening models and data-rich digital workflows are systematically combined to accelerate qualification of titanium-based composite systems for reliable, certifiable service in demanding structural applications.