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<p>The present study is on the green synthesis of CuONPs of <i>Nerium oleander</i> as a bioreducing and stabilizing agent. This approach is a green and nominal cost alternative to existing methods. The structural determination of the synthesized material was done by UV, FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and EDX. Formation of crystalline, spherical CuONPs in the range from 15 to 40&#xa0;nm is identified. Whereas XRD pattern matched the monoclinic phase of CuONPs. The calculated band gap using Tauc plot arrived as 2.10&#xa0;eV infer nanoscale particle formation in the present green synthesis. The antimicrobial efficacy of the CuONPs was evaluated against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and <i>Salmonella typhi</i> using the agar well diffusion method. A concentration-dependent inhibition was observed, with significant zones of inhibition recorded, indicating appreciable antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles. To be mentioned activity against <i>S. aureus</i> was observed as 18.6 ± 0.5&#xa0;mm compared to the standard with zone of inhibition of 23.2 ± 0.6&#xa0;mm. Furthermore, the photocatalytic potential of CuONPs was examined by the decay of methylene blue, crystal violet, and eosin yellow under sunlight. The nanoparticles exhibited efficient dye degradation, with over 90% degradation of methylene blue, eosin yellow and crystal violet with maximum time limit of 180&#xa0;min exposure to sunlight. The prolong time not gave any additional degradation and hence the maximum degradation achieved can be only 90%, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. These findings demonstrate that <i>N. oleander</i>-mediated CuONPs possess excellent antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity favours in the applications of biomedical coatings, environmental remediation, and sustainable nanomaterial development.</p>

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Biogenic synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using Nerium Oleander: in-vitro antimicrobial potential and photocatalytic studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月31日

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  • Dinesh Kumar Matheshwaran,
  • Vishnu Krishna Mohan,
  • Padma Kantharaj,
  • Jagadeesh Kumar Alagarasan,
  • Ravikumar Raju,
  • Chintala Muralikrishna

摘要

The present study is on the green synthesis of CuONPs of Nerium oleander as a bioreducing and stabilizing agent. This approach is a green and nominal cost alternative to existing methods. The structural determination of the synthesized material was done by UV, FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and EDX. Formation of crystalline, spherical CuONPs in the range from 15 to 40 nm is identified. Whereas XRD pattern matched the monoclinic phase of CuONPs. The calculated band gap using Tauc plot arrived as 2.10 eV infer nanoscale particle formation in the present green synthesis. The antimicrobial efficacy of the CuONPs was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Salmonella typhi using the agar well diffusion method. A concentration-dependent inhibition was observed, with significant zones of inhibition recorded, indicating appreciable antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles. To be mentioned activity against S. aureus was observed as 18.6 ± 0.5 mm compared to the standard with zone of inhibition of 23.2 ± 0.6 mm. Furthermore, the photocatalytic potential of CuONPs was examined by the decay of methylene blue, crystal violet, and eosin yellow under sunlight. The nanoparticles exhibited efficient dye degradation, with over 90% degradation of methylene blue, eosin yellow and crystal violet with maximum time limit of 180 min exposure to sunlight. The prolong time not gave any additional degradation and hence the maximum degradation achieved can be only 90%, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. These findings demonstrate that N. oleander-mediated CuONPs possess excellent antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity favours in the applications of biomedical coatings, environmental remediation, and sustainable nanomaterial development.