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<p>Fe and Cu co-doping influences&#xa0;on the structural and magnetic properties of sodium niobate (NaNbO₃) antiferroelectric ceramics were systematically investigated. The doped NaNbO₃ samples were synthesized via solid-state reaction, with doping concentrations of Cu and Fe varying from 0.05 to 0.1&#xa0;mol%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of dopants into the NaNbO₃ lattice, resulting in a decrease in crystallite size from 56.65&#xa0;µm in undoped NaNbO₃ to 38.32&#xa0;µm in samples with the highest dopant concentrations. This structural modification was accompanied by a lattice contraction, with lattice parameters (a, b, c) decreasing as doping increased. Additionally, magnetic analysis via Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) revealed a transition from paramagnetic to weak antiferromagnetic behaviour, with the highest magnetization (0.0025&#xa0;emu/g) and coercivity (10 Oe) observed at 0.1&#xa0;mol% doping, attributed to enhanced magnetic coupling due to the presence of Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ and Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺ ions. The significant strain introduced by doping, as indicated by Williamson-Hall analysis, further demonstrates the potential of these materials for applications in advanced dielectric devices and magnetic sensors. The novelty of this study lies in the dual-doping approach, which achieves tailored structural and magnetic properties, enhancing the applicability of NaNbO₃-based ceramics in multifunctional device applications.</p>

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Optimizing structural and magnetic properties of sodium niobate ceramics via Fe and Cu Co-doping for multifunctional applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月24日

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  • Daksh Sharma,
  • Shristi Chaudhary,
  • Meenu Rani,
  • Shilpi Jindal,
  • Sanjeev Kumar,
  • Jasvir Dalal

摘要

Fe and Cu co-doping influences on the structural and magnetic properties of sodium niobate (NaNbO₃) antiferroelectric ceramics were systematically investigated. The doped NaNbO₃ samples were synthesized via solid-state reaction, with doping concentrations of Cu and Fe varying from 0.05 to 0.1 mol%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of dopants into the NaNbO₃ lattice, resulting in a decrease in crystallite size from 56.65 µm in undoped NaNbO₃ to 38.32 µm in samples with the highest dopant concentrations. This structural modification was accompanied by a lattice contraction, with lattice parameters (a, b, c) decreasing as doping increased. Additionally, magnetic analysis via Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) revealed a transition from paramagnetic to weak antiferromagnetic behaviour, with the highest magnetization (0.0025 emu/g) and coercivity (10 Oe) observed at 0.1 mol% doping, attributed to enhanced magnetic coupling due to the presence of Cu2⁺ and Fe2⁺ ions. The significant strain introduced by doping, as indicated by Williamson-Hall analysis, further demonstrates the potential of these materials for applications in advanced dielectric devices and magnetic sensors. The novelty of this study lies in the dual-doping approach, which achieves tailored structural and magnetic properties, enhancing the applicability of NaNbO₃-based ceramics in multifunctional device applications.