<p>This paper aims to explore the role dilemmas faced by radiologists in the context of weak artificial intelligence (AI) and their coping strategies. It first reviews the current applications of weak AI in medical imaging, noting its advantages in enhancing diagnostic efficiency and reducing physician workload, while also highlighting challenges such as limited algorithmic interpretability, ambiguous responsibility attribution, and weakened physician–patient communication. Drawing on role theory and medical ethics, the article systematically analyzes the tensions radiologists encounter across multiple dimensions, including technological substitution, marginalization in decision-making, weakening of humanistic care, restructuring of workload, and crises of professional identity. The study argues that the integration of AI not only reshapes the traditional functions of physicians but also imposes new requirements on their ethical responsibilities and professional identity. To address these challenges, the paper proposes a set of comprehensive strategies: strengthening the synergy between technology and humanistic values, enhancing physicians’ ethical literacy and communication skills, building human–AI symbiotic working models, reforming medical education to cultivate interdisciplinary talents, and improving institutional policies and ethical governance systems. These strategies are designed to help radiologists reposition their professional roles in the AI era, shifting from “image readers” to “supervisors” and “decision-makers.” Ultimately, the article emphasizes that AI should not replace doctors but should serve as a powerful tool to enhance diagnostic capabilities and deepen humanistic care. Through systematic role reconstruction and capacity building, radiologists can maintain their core value amidst the wave of technological intelligence and contribute to the advancement of medical imaging toward greater efficiency and human-centered development.</p>