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<p>The precise monitoring of pH is critical in various applications, particularly in biology-related areas. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel cyanine-based fluorescent pH sensor with a p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> around 6. This pH-sensitive dye features a cyanine chromophore coupled to a piperazine moiety, which modulates the protonation equilibrium and thus the optical response. DTF calculation corroborates the changes in the photophysical properties upon protonation. Upon immobilization within a hydrophilic polymer matrix, the resulting fluorescent sensor is exhibited a p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> around 4.5, facilitating ratiometric pH measurements for acidic media (for instance in food—examples given in milk and fresh yogurt). Importantly, this probe design allowed a less than 5 min response time to pH changes while avoiding cytotoxic effects towards <i>E. coli</i>. The development of such a fluorescent pH indicator is motivated by the growing need for optical monitoring tools capable of providing real-time, non-invasive readouts of pH dynamics in complex media and microfluidic systems.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Cyanine dye-embedded fluorescent film for ratiometric pH measurement

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月21日

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  • Roch Sobczyk,
  • Laurent Galmiche,
  • Cédric Mongin,
  • Meriem Djendli,
  • Isabelle Leray,
  • Rachel Méallet

摘要

The precise monitoring of pH is critical in various applications, particularly in biology-related areas. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel cyanine-based fluorescent pH sensor with a pKa around 6. This pH-sensitive dye features a cyanine chromophore coupled to a piperazine moiety, which modulates the protonation equilibrium and thus the optical response. DTF calculation corroborates the changes in the photophysical properties upon protonation. Upon immobilization within a hydrophilic polymer matrix, the resulting fluorescent sensor is exhibited a pKa around 4.5, facilitating ratiometric pH measurements for acidic media (for instance in food—examples given in milk and fresh yogurt). Importantly, this probe design allowed a less than 5 min response time to pH changes while avoiding cytotoxic effects towards E. coli. The development of such a fluorescent pH indicator is motivated by the growing need for optical monitoring tools capable of providing real-time, non-invasive readouts of pH dynamics in complex media and microfluidic systems.

Graphical abstract