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<p>Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is an emerging topic of concern in the sphere of transport and smart city studies. Although systematic reviews which have covered its growth in recent times is present, there is no such integrated appraisal which can tie the intellectual architecture of MaaS with its theoretical, contextual, and methodological development. To address this gap, the current study summarizes the literature on MaaS written during the period of 2015–2025. The analysis will be based on 272 peer-reviewed, open-access articles that are indexed in Scopus. The Theory-Context-Characteristics-Methodology (TCCM) framework is used together with bibliometric network analysis to map research paths and to provide an evaluation of the developmental path of the discipline. Findings show that there is a disproportional advancement in the four dimensions of TCCM. Theoretically, MaaS scholarship is focused on the behavioral constructs and technology-acceptance paradigms, and the systemic, governance-based, and socio-technical transition prisms are relatively limited. The empirical study is mainly put in context in Europe and East Asia and is accompanied by a significant underrepresentation of low-income areas, rural settings, and informally built mobility ecosystems. In terms of characteristics, perceived usefulness, trust, and adoption intentions are disproportionately covered in the literature and on such dimensions as accessibility, affordability, digital literacy, and institutional coordination, the literature is comparatively narrow. Survey based quantitative methodologies (especially structural equation modeling and latent class analysis) dominate the corpus though other methodologies such as qualitative, simulation based, longitudinal, and mixed methods are underutilized relatively. To complement the TCCM appraisal, the bibliometric analysis outlines the research streams clustered around user adoption, business-model innovation, and technological integration and demonstrates weaker structure connections with the theme of governance and equity. In stark contrast to antecedent reviews in which taxonomisation of themes is the primary activity, the study generalizes the bibliometric analysis with the TCCM framework to provide a multidimensional synthesis and highlight structural inequities with the potential to inform future MaaS research.</p>

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A systematic literature review of Mobility as a Service and future research agenda using the TCCM framework

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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摘要

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is an emerging topic of concern in the sphere of transport and smart city studies. Although systematic reviews which have covered its growth in recent times is present, there is no such integrated appraisal which can tie the intellectual architecture of MaaS with its theoretical, contextual, and methodological development. To address this gap, the current study summarizes the literature on MaaS written during the period of 2015–2025. The analysis will be based on 272 peer-reviewed, open-access articles that are indexed in Scopus. The Theory-Context-Characteristics-Methodology (TCCM) framework is used together with bibliometric network analysis to map research paths and to provide an evaluation of the developmental path of the discipline. Findings show that there is a disproportional advancement in the four dimensions of TCCM. Theoretically, MaaS scholarship is focused on the behavioral constructs and technology-acceptance paradigms, and the systemic, governance-based, and socio-technical transition prisms are relatively limited. The empirical study is mainly put in context in Europe and East Asia and is accompanied by a significant underrepresentation of low-income areas, rural settings, and informally built mobility ecosystems. In terms of characteristics, perceived usefulness, trust, and adoption intentions are disproportionately covered in the literature and on such dimensions as accessibility, affordability, digital literacy, and institutional coordination, the literature is comparatively narrow. Survey based quantitative methodologies (especially structural equation modeling and latent class analysis) dominate the corpus though other methodologies such as qualitative, simulation based, longitudinal, and mixed methods are underutilized relatively. To complement the TCCM appraisal, the bibliometric analysis outlines the research streams clustered around user adoption, business-model innovation, and technological integration and demonstrates weaker structure connections with the theme of governance and equity. In stark contrast to antecedent reviews in which taxonomisation of themes is the primary activity, the study generalizes the bibliometric analysis with the TCCM framework to provide a multidimensional synthesis and highlight structural inequities with the potential to inform future MaaS research.