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<p>Sweet sorghum is used for food, fodder and biofuel. Adding organic amendments may enhance soil fertility and yields, however, their effectiveness in sweet sorghum remains unknown in Sub-Saharan agriculture. This study objective was to investigate biochar, manure and combined effects on sweet sorghum growth and yield characteristics. A two-season experiment, Field A (2020/21) and Field B (2021/22) with residual experiment (Field A, 2021/22) used a randomised block design with six treatments: control (C), fresh cow manure (CM), biochar (B), kraal manure (KM), kraal manure with biochar (KMB) and cow manure with biochar (CMB) at 10 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. Growth parameters and chlorophyll content were measured biweekly from week 5 to 21, while yield were measured weekly (week 22–25). Results showed significant effects (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) on growth and yield parameters, while phenological traits remained unaffected (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The highest growth (leaf area index, chlorophyll content, stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and lodging) and yield (total dry mass yield, grain yield and 1000 grain weight) parameters were observed on KMB and CMB. Maximum grain yields were achieved during week 25 on KMB (4.52 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), CMB (5.39 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) and KMB (2.15 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) in Field A (2020/21), Field B (2021/22) and Residual Field A (2021/22), respectively. Manure provides nutrients, while biochar enhances nutrient retention. Field A (2020/21) showed better growth, while Field B excelled in biofuel and yield. Field A's second season was less productive due to soil characteristics and seasonal variations. Integrating biochar and manure is most effective for optimizing sweet sorghum productivity.</p>

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Effects of biochar, manure and their combination on growth and yield potential of sweet sorghum

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月27日

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  • Hamond Motsi,
  • Ethel Emmarantia Phiri,
  • Palesa Natasha Mothapo

摘要

Sweet sorghum is used for food, fodder and biofuel. Adding organic amendments may enhance soil fertility and yields, however, their effectiveness in sweet sorghum remains unknown in Sub-Saharan agriculture. This study objective was to investigate biochar, manure and combined effects on sweet sorghum growth and yield characteristics. A two-season experiment, Field A (2020/21) and Field B (2021/22) with residual experiment (Field A, 2021/22) used a randomised block design with six treatments: control (C), fresh cow manure (CM), biochar (B), kraal manure (KM), kraal manure with biochar (KMB) and cow manure with biochar (CMB) at 10 t ha−1. Growth parameters and chlorophyll content were measured biweekly from week 5 to 21, while yield were measured weekly (week 22–25). Results showed significant effects (p < 0.05) on growth and yield parameters, while phenological traits remained unaffected (p > 0.05). The highest growth (leaf area index, chlorophyll content, stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and lodging) and yield (total dry mass yield, grain yield and 1000 grain weight) parameters were observed on KMB and CMB. Maximum grain yields were achieved during week 25 on KMB (4.52 t ha−1), CMB (5.39 t ha−1) and KMB (2.15 t ha−1) in Field A (2020/21), Field B (2021/22) and Residual Field A (2021/22), respectively. Manure provides nutrients, while biochar enhances nutrient retention. Field A (2020/21) showed better growth, while Field B excelled in biofuel and yield. Field A's second season was less productive due to soil characteristics and seasonal variations. Integrating biochar and manure is most effective for optimizing sweet sorghum productivity.