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<p>A significant challenge in lithium-ion battery (LIB) research and deployment is the constraint within supply chains and raw materials. The limited availability of essential resources like lithium and cobalt creates vulnerabilities, affecting production scalability and sustainability. As the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and electronics continues to rise, recycling has become essential for environmental protection and resource conservation. By recovering and reusing these valuable resources, recycling can help reduce dependence on limited raw material supplies, support sustainable battery production, and contribute to a more resilient and efficient energy ecosystem. This paper examines various recycling methods—including pyrometallurgy (high-temperature processing), hydrometallurgy (chemical extraction), and direct recycling (innovative, eco-friendly techniques)—highlighting their advantages and limitations. The study discusses how improved policies, technological advancements, reuse and recycling strategies can help build a sustainable circular economy for batteries, turning waste into valuable materials. The paper addresses the gaps in different recycling sectors and other significant challenges such as high costs, safety concerns, storage duration and degradation and regulatory inconsistencies at global level.</p>

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Building a Sustainable Circular Economy through Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Challenge towards Recycling and Regulatory Changes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Prateek Kumar,
  • Mamta Awasthi

摘要

A significant challenge in lithium-ion battery (LIB) research and deployment is the constraint within supply chains and raw materials. The limited availability of essential resources like lithium and cobalt creates vulnerabilities, affecting production scalability and sustainability. As the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and electronics continues to rise, recycling has become essential for environmental protection and resource conservation. By recovering and reusing these valuable resources, recycling can help reduce dependence on limited raw material supplies, support sustainable battery production, and contribute to a more resilient and efficient energy ecosystem. This paper examines various recycling methods—including pyrometallurgy (high-temperature processing), hydrometallurgy (chemical extraction), and direct recycling (innovative, eco-friendly techniques)—highlighting their advantages and limitations. The study discusses how improved policies, technological advancements, reuse and recycling strategies can help build a sustainable circular economy for batteries, turning waste into valuable materials. The paper addresses the gaps in different recycling sectors and other significant challenges such as high costs, safety concerns, storage duration and degradation and regulatory inconsistencies at global level.