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<p>This study evaluates the technical and environmental feasibility of incorporating fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRCA) and recycled concrete powder (RCP) as partial replacements for natural sand and cement in mortar. Mortar mixtures were prepared with FRCA replacement levels of 0–60% (15% intervals) and RCP contents of 10% and 20%. The mixtures were evaluated in terms of flowability, density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), compressive strength, porosity, and environmental impacts, including global warming (GWP), ozone depletion (ODP), acidification (AP), and eutrophication potentials (EP). The results show that increasing FRCA content improved mortar flowability, with slump flow increasing from approximately 18&#xa0;cm (control) to 25&#xa0;cm at 45–60% FRCA. Incorporation of 10% RCP enhanced workability and density, whereas 20% RCP reduced performance due to increased water demand. Porosity increased from approximately 12% (control) to 20–21% at 60% FRCA, while the addition of 10% RCP reduced porosity to about 16%, indicating a particle packing and micro-filling effect. Compressive strength decreased with increasing recycled content, with mixtures containing 15–30% FRCA retaining 81–90% of control strength, while higher replacement levels showed more pronounced reductions. The mixture with 60% FRCA and 10% RCP exhibited a balanced performance, combining improved density, UPV, and reduced porosity. Environmental assessment indicated consistent reductions in GWP, AP, EP, and ODP for all recycled mixtures, with moderate replacement levels providing the most favorable performance–sustainability balance. These findings demonstrate the potential of combining FRCA and RCP to produce environmentally efficient mortar with acceptable mechanical performance, supporting material optimization strategies in circular construction applications.</p>

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Impact of Incorporating Recycled Fine Concrete Aggregate and Recycled Concrete Powder in Mortar: Technical and Environmental Impact Assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Fendri Albakir,
  • Bambang Bakri,
  • Muhammad Akbar Caronge,
  • M. W. Tjaronge,
  • Takayuki Fukunaga

摘要

This study evaluates the technical and environmental feasibility of incorporating fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRCA) and recycled concrete powder (RCP) as partial replacements for natural sand and cement in mortar. Mortar mixtures were prepared with FRCA replacement levels of 0–60% (15% intervals) and RCP contents of 10% and 20%. The mixtures were evaluated in terms of flowability, density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), compressive strength, porosity, and environmental impacts, including global warming (GWP), ozone depletion (ODP), acidification (AP), and eutrophication potentials (EP). The results show that increasing FRCA content improved mortar flowability, with slump flow increasing from approximately 18 cm (control) to 25 cm at 45–60% FRCA. Incorporation of 10% RCP enhanced workability and density, whereas 20% RCP reduced performance due to increased water demand. Porosity increased from approximately 12% (control) to 20–21% at 60% FRCA, while the addition of 10% RCP reduced porosity to about 16%, indicating a particle packing and micro-filling effect. Compressive strength decreased with increasing recycled content, with mixtures containing 15–30% FRCA retaining 81–90% of control strength, while higher replacement levels showed more pronounced reductions. The mixture with 60% FRCA and 10% RCP exhibited a balanced performance, combining improved density, UPV, and reduced porosity. Environmental assessment indicated consistent reductions in GWP, AP, EP, and ODP for all recycled mixtures, with moderate replacement levels providing the most favorable performance–sustainability balance. These findings demonstrate the potential of combining FRCA and RCP to produce environmentally efficient mortar with acceptable mechanical performance, supporting material optimization strategies in circular construction applications.